【Native Speaker每日综合训练—37系列】【37-19】经管 Hong Kong

画画2013

Speaker
Lucky followed the poachers who steal the ivory, and she told the government distory the factory.
China is the major black market for ivory, and if it can manage it, then the transcation will be reduced a lot.
Time2 40'
the exchange rate of Hong kong currency in the history.
Time3 2'15
Indebtedness 债务，受恩惠
Some knowledge about the HK change rate system.
Tim4 1'50
crux 关键，难题
The economy performance of Hongkong fall a lot this year, and the expert said that HongKong needs to find new type of economy instead of depending on so-called conventional economic pillars.
Time5 2'35
veiled 遮蔽，用帷幕分割
HongKong makes some limitation for mainlanders, such as ban women give brith of their babies on Hongkong to get local indentity.
In the past, Hongkong people did feel threatened by Mainlanders and a little prior than them.
Time6 1'50
Hongkonger see themselves as unique, but Mainlanders see this city as a part of China.
Mainland students get better grade and are more likely to be hired, and mainlanders are more likely to buy the luxury goods.
Time7 2'15
Increasing immigration also puts pressure on Hong Kong's scarce resources. Besides, resentment also came from Beijing government's interfere in Hong Kong’s governance.
Obstacle 11'
Main Idea: the economic history of Hongkong

planetandlucas

Speaker:  The speaker discusses about how to control the sales of ivory and whether destroying ivory is a good idea to control
the killing of elephants.

Time 2: The artilce introduces the history of Hong Kong's Exchange Rate System.

Time 3: The article introduce some systems and regulation of HK Exchange Rate System.

Time 4:  The article illustrates that the overall rank of  HK's economic is dropping. (2:25)

Time 5: The article introduces that HK is living in the shadow of China and HK unprepared for the huge tourism of mainland China. (3:18)

Time 6:  The article introduces the wounded pride of Hongkongese. (2:58)

Time 7:  Paragraphes introduces a family reunification program and impact of this program on HK. (2:30)

Obstacle: The article introduces the economic history of HK. Time order is adopted in the artilce to demonstrate the development of HK's economic history.
Several historical terms are introduced in paragraphes. They are HK from 1942 to 1949, Post-War Industrialization, Reintegration with China, 1978-1997, and
Asian Financial Crisis, 1997-2002.

hztbb

Time 3 2:47
Hong Kong banknote are fully backed by US dollar hold by Exchange Fund. The aggregate balance varies in accodance with the fund in and out of Hong Kong. Addtional exchange bills and notes are also fully based by the foreign currency reserves.

Time 4 2:13
Hong Kong has lost its status as the World's most competitive economy, droping to third place. A professor believes the biggest problem is high property price and rents, and suggests the government to pursuing new industries to drive growth. Another professor contributes the drop to the weak of major advanced market.

Time 5 2:16
There is a resentment growth in Hong Kong towards immigrants and tourists from mainland China since the adoption in 1997. The immigrants and tourists cause problems such as high property price, feeling of being swamps.

Time 6 1:56
Despite the number of visitors, Hong Kong people have a sense of wounded pride. In luxury strores, more mnadarin is heard. In universities, mainland students often get higher grade than local ones, and the employer prefer former. The mainland students also do little to adapt to Hong Kong because they view it as a normal city in China, and nothing special.

Time 7 2:26
Immigrant create pressure on social resources, especially housing, hospital and kindergarten. Beijing's heavy hand is aggrevating the situation. A legislator suggests that goverment can do better by building schools and hospitals as well as welcome immigrants.

Obstacle: 12:21

Vickyoo

涨姿势，谢谢！
1:1’45“
Hongkong 历经银本位，与英镑挂钩，与美元挂钩，浮动利率演化到现在的联系汇率制，利于稳定物价，降低流通成本
2:56“
The linked exchange rate system requires huge amount of foreign reserve to back up the stock and the flow of the monetary base
3:4’40”
How the back up system runs.看了中文才明白
4:3’08“
Hongkong lose its status as most competitive economy, in four aspects which contains” economic performance, government efficiency, business efficiency and infrastructure. The main problem is economic. It has no new field of economic growth.
5:4’56”
Hongkongers think they are superior to people from the mainland and they can do business in Guangdong, but they have never thought the big power that people from mainland have, they became rich and poured into Hongkong for shopping, the students came to Hongkong for better education, the expected mothers come to Hongkong to give birth to a hongkonger. Everything’s unexpected.
6:5’34”
Hongkongers felt challenged in both the daily life, in universities and in the job hunting market.
7:3’04”
Hongkongers felt pressure by the mainlanders and are unsatisfied with the govern of Beijing.
Obstacle
Hongkong became a regional business center with growing population during 1842 to 1949.
1949-1977
Hongkong became the import port for the mainland to import wheat at the beginning of this period. Then the development of Hongkong’s economy depended on the SMEs and its export trade to England.
1978-1997
Hongkong played a role as the main financial and business services. The manufacture industry moved out of Hongkong to the mainland to take advantage of its cheap labor. The service industry boost during this period     
1997-2002
A economic crisis took place at the time of the handover, Hongkong has a more restrict connection with the mainland.

醒醒Shine

[speaker]
HK, destroy ivory stockpile.
Chinese don't know why is wrong
[time2]History HK exchange rate
-1935  silver standard
-1972  sterling
-1974  US dollar
-1983  free floating
-now   linked exchange rate system

[time3] linked exchange rate system
Certificate of Indebtedness and Coins Issued发钞负债证明和货币发行
The Aggregate Balance银行体系结余
Outstanding Exchange Fund Bills and Notes外汇基金的中短期债券
[time4]
1-opinion: HK lost its most competitive status.
2-why: high property prices and rents;weak growth in major advanced market;air pollution
crux:关键，难题
[time5]
1-HK, feel threatened by Chinese power
2-why:tourism, education,property,give birth,unprepared
autonomy自主权
resentment愤恨不满
swarming into涌入
[time6]
3-problem: selling,educating,immigrating, Beijing gov.
4-opinion: humiliation, strengthen ourselves
etiquette礼节
onus 责任
[obstacle]History
1-1842-1949 war and foreigners
2-post-war industrialization: imports food and water
unusual: SME，deregulation
3-1978-1997: surge in service sector,munufactuing move out to the mainland
4-1997-2002: asian financial crisism, more closely to mainland

was ceded to割让
Sino-Japanese War抗日战争
embargo禁令
pillars 支持

当年的obstacle 好长啊……学习了！这期真经典值得收藏了简直

ffffionabear

_________谢谢tao妹纸么么哒~~mua! (*╯3╰) ~~~~排版科普神马的简直不要太用心(最爱专业词汇科普好么~~贴心小棉袄啊)~~~羞愧cry~~进击的阅读小分队——
[speaker]
China is the major land of Elephant ivory's black market,but now Chinese offical tend to prohibit the trading of ivory.And fortunately,one in fifth Chinese say they will stop buying the ivory if the government say no.By contrast,HongKong do nothing about eh animal welfare,some critics take that as shame.However,distorying ivory will increase the price of the exist ivory,which encourge those who chasing money get involved into that industry,that's a big paradox of official prohibition.
[speed]
52'
The chart shows the evolution of HongKong's exchange rate system:silver standard----sterling exchange system---fixed exchange system with US dollars---free floating system---linked exchange system
1'16
The linked exchange rate system is running by a basic criteria:Both the stock and the flow of Montery Base should be fully back by the foreign reserve.And the Montery Base is comprised by three components:Certificates of Indebtedness;account of banks and outstanding amount of exchange.
2'11
1.Certificates of Indebtedness and Coins issues:The three main banks should submit US dollars(at HK$7.8=US$1)to the HKMA for the Certificates of Indebtedness,so the currency supply would totally support by the equivalent foreign exchange reserve.
2.The aggregate balance:The fixed exchange rate at HK$7.8 contraposes those three banks,but the market is so independent that the exchange rate may not at HK$7.8=US$1,thus the three main note-issuing banks can use interest arbitrage to influence the free market indectly.
3.issued money should be backed by the Money Base
3'10
HongKong was totally unprepared for the regional and national intergration since 1997.They used to feel superior to mainlanders,but nowadays,the tourism and hospitality are largely depend on mainlanders.What's more,mainlanders give birth in HongKong to gain the legal identify by hook or by crook,which make the HongKong residents feel threatened.
1'55
Another following problem is HongKonger's wound pride.They used to be regarded as rich and unique as they have manufacturing bloom and strong spending power.However,mainlanders are much more richer than HongKongers and paid more attention by shopkeepers.HongKongers are no longer unique for that we just regard HongKong as a city of China.
1'55
Immigration put pressure on HongKong,a place with scared resource.The anger rised by endless competition on social resources,potential humiliation of being caught up and the clash of cultural bias make the relationship between HongKongers and mainlanders strained.
[obstacle](看得我头疼→_→历史果然是沉重的~#有关系么··#)
1'08
HongKong,benefit from its geographic priority,was a typical place underwent successful and rapid process of industrilization.
6'17(老实说我看了不止一次···跪地切腹谢罪)
Hongkong 1842 to 1949
With minority of Chinese residents and a handful foreigners,HongKong's economic was highly linked to shipping,banking and merchant companies.As the territory was under British's control,HongKong suffered a slowdown during Chinese interwar.
Post-war industrilization
For China began to be isolated from the international economy,HongKong can no longer depend on the China trade.But for the sake of inflowing refugees,HongKong's textile sector began to be the foundation of the whole economy.However,its bloom was on the basis of SEM without government,so its relatively frail.
Reintegration with China   
HongKong suffered a shift from labor-intensive activities to tourism,financial service and retial trade in major business.
Asian Crisis
Under the criteria policy of "one country,two systems",HongKong's economy was tied more closely with mainland.

行者无疆945

Time2-3
在以前接触过香港的联系汇率制度的前提下，看本篇文章除了大体上的整个模式比较清晰外，细节内容依然记忆的捉襟见肘....
瞬间感觉自己出国后的学术生活会充满压力......
感谢楼主贴心的中文总结，赞一个~

Time 4
Hong Kong has lost its status as the world's most competitive economy.
Its ranking has dropped to third this year, overtaken by US and Switerland.
Among the four major areas, Hong kong has a great fall in economic performance.
One expert said the reason is the high property proves and rents and the government should find some new industries to drive growth.
Another expert said the reason may be the weak growth in advanced markets.
Chow Chung-kong was satisfied of the ranking despite a slight fall, but he also admitted that air polution and excessive working hours can be some negative factors.

Time 5-7
In the past, Hong Kongers treat the mainlanders with condescension,but now, the attitude turns out to be hostility because they have felt threatened by Chinese power.
The threatening reflects in many aspects:
1 The huge number of tourists come to Hong Kong every year and they buy the luxury goods that Hong Kongers can't afford.
2 Tensions in the territory's university. The mainland students can get better grades than locals and get better employed after gradution.
3 The steady growth of legal immigrants may skew local elections in Beijing's favor.
4 The natives need to fight for all kinds of resources with mainlanders, especially hospital beds.
The reactions to the woman-killed-by-truck incident showed this kind of hostility very clear.

掌管 7        00:11:15.89        00:25:25.98
掌管 6        00:04:03.59        00:14:10.09
掌管 5        00:02:43.16        00:10:06.49
掌管 4        00:02:09.64        00:07:23.33
掌管 3        00:03:18.75        00:05:13.69
掌管 2        00:00:45.11        00:01:54.94
掌管 1        00:01:09.83        00:01:09.83

来补作业了....

cyndichiang

Speakers: Ivory market in HK is such a mess that the local government is taking measures to regulate;
The black ivory market is from mainland and the main customers are wealthy mainlanders .
Government cannot easily prevent this trade by some superficial measures because people will still but ivory to show off their status
Time2 1'23''
Time3 3'19''
Time4 1'52''
Hong Kong has lost its status as the world's most competitive economy: many factors:
Some economists think the business environment worsens and prohibit the investors; some economists think that the whole Asian economy has dropped by some factors; others think HK's statue is still high

Time5 2'22''
HK has experienced a pushback under the power of  mainland.
HK people feel threatened by the inflow of the immigrates from mainland.

Time6 2'13''
Hkers were benefited from the cheap labors form mainland, but recently, students from mainland increases r. Mainland students often get better grades than local students.
Two students expressed that they were discriminated by the local society

Time7 1'37''
Immigrants from mainland compete every aspect with Hkers, such as education and scarce sources.
HKers have changed their attitude toward mainlanders  and felt threatened by them

Obstacle : 6'29''
History of development of HK divided into different periods

viennall

Speed
03'05 Certificate of Indebtedness and coin issued. The aggregate balance. The outgoing exchange fund bills and notes.
02'11 Hong kong ranked in the third place of Global competitive ecomonomy depending on ceconomic performance, government efficiency, business efficiency and infrastructure.
03'33 Hong kong has not adjusted itself to the situation when it came back to mainland.
02'23 The visitors from mainland is much popular than Hong kongers in the luxury shops. Bright students from mainland is more competitive than Hong kong students.
02'39 Hong Kongers are not friendly with immigrants from mainland.


obstacle
11'58

Main idea: Economic history of Hong Kong
Structure:
Hong Kong's economic and political history has been mainly determined by geographical location.
After being ceted by China, the industrialization has developed well.
Hong Kong was profoundly affected by the disasters in Mainland in the inter-war period.
Because of the mainland's isolation from international ecomomy, Hong Kong imports grains and water from China to continue the international economic links, which restrain the cost of living in Hong Kong.
Industrialization accelerated with the inflow of refugees entreprenueurs and capital fleeting on the mainland.
The economic development of Hong kong is unusual, as industrialization consisted of numbers of small and medium-sized enterprises and the government did not engage in industrial planning.
The myth of Hong kong ecomony is different from that of laissez-faire.
Reintegration with China helps Hong kong increase investment in financial services, tourism and retail trade.
Asian Financial Crisis has made big impacts on Hong kong's economy.

yunhappy

Time 2     00:48
Warm up  00:46
Time 3     02:48
Time 4     02:11
Time 5     03:30
Time 6     02:37
Time 7     02:30
Obstacle   11:55