og188

winnie

188. As a result of medical advances, many people that might at one time have died as children of such infections as diphtheria, pneumonia, or rheumatic fever now live well into old age.

(A) that might at one time have died as children

(B) who might once have died in childhood

(C) that as children might once have died

(D) who in childhood might have at one time died（B）

(E) who, when they were children, might at one time have died

B, the best choice, uses the preferred relative pronoun, who, to refer to many people. It observes formal and logical parallelism in the wording of the relative clause and the main clause: first, adverbs (once and now), second, verbs (might have died and live); and third, adverbial prepositional phrases (in childhood and into old age). A and C use the questionable relative pronoun that to refer to many people. They also violate the parallel structure noted above. D and E, although they use the correct pronoun, who, offer convoluted and nonparallel structures for the relative clause.

D: ...many people who in childhood might have at one time died of such infections...：

（1）offer nonparallel structures for the relative clause.（2）除了once比at one time简洁，the relative clause的convoluted structures还体现在哪里？‘in childhood’向前修饰who，还是向后修饰died？

谢谢！

三脚猫

winnie MM　的问题，还真不容易，我试着解答一下，有不同意见，欢迎讨论

1、我做这题时就考虑了once 比 at one time 简洁；in childhood　按正常语序放在句尾比较舒服

2、关于in childhood修饰的问题，我认为是放在句尾，修饰全句who have died

winnie

in childhood修饰，不能放在主语后修饰主语，只能是向后修饰动词。

放在句尾是时间副词短语最常见的一种。

谢谢三脚猫！

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-1-19 9:32:02编辑过]

三脚猫

以下是引用winnie在2005-1-18 11:46:00的发言：

我已经查到了，in childhood修饰，不能放在主语后修饰主语。只能是向后修饰动词，但是也必须紧放在main verb——died前，就是 at one time 的位置。

放在句尾是时间副词短语最常见的一种。

winnie MM    in childhood　的位置，是否适用于其他时间副词呢？

winnie

谢谢三脚猫的提醒：我去ZDZ的语法书查证了一下， prepositional phrase作为时间副词短语的位置：放在主语后肯定不是修饰主语的（副词不修饰名词）；其它位置：主语前，auxiliary verb前（偶尔），main verb前（有时），谓语后（大部分）都可以。

赞同：“in childhood　按正常语序放在句尾比较舒服”，比放在who后更合理，但是感觉它是修饰前面died的，如果放在句首或句末才象是修饰整个句子。

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-1-19 9:54:30编辑过]

icare1

juliet01192000

188. As a result of medical advances, many people that might at one time have died as children of such infections as diphtheria, pneumonia, or rheumatic fever now live well into old age.

(A) that might at one time have died as children

(B) who might once have died in childhood

(C) that as children might once have died

(D) who in childhood might have at one time died（B）

(E) who, when they were children, might at one time have died

B, the best choice, uses the preferred relative pronoun, who, to refer to many people. It observes formal and logical parallelism in the wording of the relative clause and the main clause: first, adverbs (once and now), second, verbs (might have died and live); and third, adverbial prepositional phrases (in childhood and into old age). A and C use the questionable relative pronoun that to refer to many people. They also violate the parallel structure noted above. D and E, although they use the correct pronoun, who, offer convoluted and nonparallel structures for the relative clause.

我在大家做这道题时，大多数人都是没有用平行来排除选项的，因为这里的平行结构实在是不明显！

我有一个问题：什么叫做adverbial prepositional phrases ，为什么in childhood 比as children好？我记得有一道题是因为as adolecents比when in adolescence简洁所以选as adolecents，在这里使用吗？

xdjm们帮忙解答一下吧，谢谢了！：）

predator_yl

以下是我的理解,请大家指正:

in childhood强调的是过去的某个不确定的时间,而as children强调的是作为children的状态,

题目的意思是将过去in children的时间和now 现在的时间发生的动作进行比较.

当当84

一个新问题，这里是不是用到了虚拟语气阿，与过去事实相反，所以在主句中用might have done ?

madben

以下是引用当当84在2006-6-21 12:00:00的发言：

一个新问题，这里是不是用到了虚拟语气阿，与过去事实相反，所以在主句中用might have done ?

Concur.