OG-13 SC 40

rosy_victory

OG-13 SC 40。 The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC) had long been expected to announce a reduction in output to bolster sagging oil prices,but officials of the organization just recently announced that the group wil pare daily production by 1.5 million barrels by the beginning of next year, but only if non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia were to trim output by a total of 500,000 barrels a day.
A. year, but only if non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia were to trim output
B. year, but only if the output of non-OPEC nations, which includes Norway, Mexico, and Russia is trimmed
C. year only if the output of non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia would be trimmed
D. year only if non-OPEC nations, which includes Norway, Mexico, and Russia were trimming output
E. year only if non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia, trim output
问题：
1.为什么C中： only if the output …… is trimmed。这种被动语态是不清晰的？OG解释中说是This use of tha passive voice is now unclear who needs to trim the output of the non-OPEC nations. 但是我觉得还是很清晰的呀，说了是output of non-OPEC nations would be trimmed.
2.还是C中：为什么说would in front of the passive verb "betrimmed"is redundant?
总体感觉对only if 的用法还是乱的。请牛人给讲解讲解。谢谢~

Indigolove

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) had long been expected to announce a reduction in output to bolster sagging oil prices, but officials of the organization just recently announced that the group will pare daily production by 1.5 million barrels by the beginning of next year, but only if non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia, were to trim output by a total of 500,000 barrels a day.

A.year, but only if non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia, were to trim output
B.year, but only if the output of non-OPEC nations, which includes Norway, Mexico, and Russia, is trimmed
C.year only if the output of non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia, would be trimmed
D.year only if non-OPEC nations, which includes Norway, Mexico, and Russia, were trimming output
E.year only if non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia, trim output


according to S-V agreement, so we only can go with A, C,D,E

announced that the group will pare daily production by 1.5 million barrels by the beginning of next year only if non-OPEC nations trim ouput by a total of 500,000 barrels a day    From the intended meaning, A,C,D is out. I mean not ......be trimed or be to trim

So we go with E

rosy_victory

Thank you for your discussion. But the standard anwser given by OG is E, and i also think "but" before only is redundant  whatever on logic or meaning. What do you think? Thank you !

Indigolove

rosy_victory 发表于 2013-10-21 11:19
Thank you for your discussion. But the standard anwser given by OG is E, and i also think "but" befo ...

Sorry, I just fix that. My bad, apologise again

rosy_victory

No matter， don't need to apologise. It's my great pleasure to discuss with CDers.

liyao604

我觉得应该是逻辑问题吧，如果是B或者C的话，那就变成了the output...including这些个国家了

joannahope

40. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) had long been expected to announce a reduction in output to bolster sagging oil prices, but officials of the organization just recently announced that the group will pare daily production by 1.5 million barrels by the beginning of next year, but only if non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia, were to trim output by a total of 500,000 barrels a day.
(A) year, but only if non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia, were to trim output
(B) year, but only if the output of non-OPEC nations, which includes Norway, Mexico, and Russia, is trimmed
(C) year only if the output of non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia, would be trimmed
(D) year only if non-OPEC nations, which includes Norway, Mexico, and Russia, were trimming output
(E) year only if non-OPEC nations, including Norway, Mexico, and Russia, trim output


正好看到这道题，就来具体的分析一下，首先要看逻辑意思， X will do sth only if y does sth else.这个可以理解为OG来告诉我们其实这道题在语义上么有转折的语气，
关于你题出的第一个问题，是这样的the output of non-OPEC nations, including Norway, 与剩下的两国做对比，所以可能存在歧义的情况
对于og  中所给出的主被动的用法，我是这样理解的，有点类似于虚拟语气，I will do homework if you back to home early.if 你做什么事情， I 做什么事情。这种虚拟语气是几乎不用被动语态的，所以这个 X will sth only if Y does sth.也就不用被动语态，only if  的用法与if用法有很多类似之处，但是我所记住的为only if 大多数情况下是做连词的，用法几乎等同于if 希望能够帮助你