OG13 SC76 求救，这题太肉了，有没有来一刀见血的！

mky1991ll

ljwqlcl881703 发表于 2013-11-16 01:19
楼主啊 您来了也给我讲讲 这里 have been equipped  为毛要用现在完成时  我也懵  不胜感激~~ ...

这道题语境很重要。首先说下时态。manhattan里对现在完成时的解释有两个知识点，一是动作的延续，而是影响的延续。他俩的区别是，前者，动作一直持续eg,we  have kown each other for ten years 后者是动作虽然停止，但动作造成的后果还在继续。eg the children drawn a square in the sand  drawn 的动作结束，a square 还留在sand 上。manhattan里还有这个例句we will pay you when you have taken out the garbage 意思是当你已经take out the garbage 后我付给你，这里不会有一般我们理解的生硬的时间线，它强调的是完成动作的顺序，蓝后，这道题也一样，它强调的是在面临环境给他们设置的障碍之前，他们就已经具备了应付的能力。如果从时间线理解，语境是一段描述性文字，内容是现在的证据。og对：disappeared“的提及造成误解，的确他们具备的能力确实在消失之前，但是，这既不是作者强调的也不在一个时间线，因为“具备”是说话人的评价，“消失”是N东东的动作。可以这样理解，equipped对照的动作时facing，而对照disappeared没有意义。我是这样理解的，请大牛拍砖指正！

mky1991ll

小臣 发表于 2013-12-2 15:45
求问楼主，消失之前就具备能力了，为啥不用过去完成时呢？时间线就是：具备能力---->消失----->现在 ...

manhattan里说有几种情况不必用过去完成时。1 主语一致，动作有明显的先后顺序。2 有时间词，已经enough表达动作的先后顺序 3  the earlier event should bearing on the context of the later event，没在一个时间线上。此题属第三种。类似题型77题。gmat 的常见伎俩是，一个科学家发现...xxx 过去干了啥....。xxx的动作确实发生在科学家“发现”之前，但强调这两个动作的顺序无意义，通常选xxx 后面是现在时的动作。

mky1991ll

大家对时态的误区是，时态的选择并不是按照动作发生的先后，而是动作的含义，有没有必要强调先后，既动作的关系。

小臣

mky1991ll 发表于 2013-12-3 22:21
manhattan里说有几种情况不必用过去完成时。1 主语一致，动作有明显的先后顺序。2 有时间词，已经enough ...

刚找了曼哈顿，谢谢楼主，我明白为啥不用过去完成啦！！但还不太明白为啥要用现在完成.....我再看看曼哈顿..找找有没有相关解释
manhattan：Note that we do not always use the Past Perfect for earlier actions. In general, you should
use Past Perfect only to clarify or emphasize a sequence of past events. The earlier event
should somehow have a bearing on the context of the later event. Moreover, if the sequence
is already obvious, we often do not need Past Perfect.

soulwangh

小臣 发表于 2013-12-4 08:35
刚找了曼哈顿，谢谢楼主，我明白为啥不用过去完成啦！！但还不太明白为啥要用现在完成.....我再看看曼哈 ...

From Ron：

this isn't a present perfect construction, because it's actually an infinitive.
i.e., it's not "they have been equipped"; it's "they appear TO HAVE been equipped".

in any case, you should probably just memorize this construction as a one-off idiomatic structure. if you say "they seemed/appeared to...", then, no matter how remote the event is (in time), you use this construction.

for instance:
it seems that the students cheated on the exam
(normal past tense in this construction)
but...
the students seem to have cheated on the exam
(not here)

i don't really have a good explanation for this, other than "i'm a writer with a firm command of formal english, and i know that it is so" and "you should just think of it as an idiom". sorry i can't do better than that.

in any case, though, you DO have to use an infinitive after "appear" or "seem" in this sort of construction. and if you think about it, this is as past-tense as an infinitive can get. so that's why you have to use it.

Ron considers this usage idimatic phrase，just remember it as you remember other idioms.

sammilulu

小臣 发表于 2013-12-2 15:45
求问楼主，消失之前就具备能力了，为啥不用过去完成时呢？时间线就是：具备能力---->消失----->现在 ...

赞，我觉得这个思路很符合GMAT 考 reasoning的思路，非常inspire我，谢谢！

小臣

soulwangh 发表于 2013-12-4 10:47
From Ron：

this isn't a present perfect construction, because it's actually an infinitive.

原来是不定式！！.....谢谢牛牛！！

mky1991ll

小臣 发表于 2013-12-4 08:35
刚找了曼哈顿，谢谢楼主，我明白为啥不用过去完成啦！！但还不太明白为啥要用现在完成.....我再看看曼哈 ...

可以参考og13 78 题

mky1991ll

soulwangh 发表于 2013-12-4 10:47
From Ron：

this isn't a present perfect construction, because it's actually an infinitive.

精彩~       谢谢这位童鞋~

foolqq

fight2015 发表于 2013-10-21 16:47
http://www.beatthegmat.com/og-12-q-73-t38806-15.html
看完后豁然开朗呀

确实茅塞顿开~~~
平行不一定要时态平行
appear用现在时，是因为表示至今仍然成立的事情
to have been equipped用完成时，是因为当时一段时间成立，而今天不成立。