求救！as和like的问题，发现as的用法不像原先想的那么单纯

bjyxsrx

各位大侠，这是prep语法笔记的题

249.(GWD-10-Q36:GWD-11-19)

In Hungary, as in much of Eastern Europe,an overwhelming proportion of women work,

many of which are in middle management and light industry.

A.as in much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women work,many of

which are in

B.as with much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women works, many in

C.as in much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women work, many of

them in

D.like much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women works, and many

are

E.like much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of womenwork,many are in

句子结构：…,an overwhelming proportion of women work,…in middle management and

light industry.

这题选C.
小女子原本觉得as和like的考点很简单，新东方也只是说as+主谓完整的句子，like+名词、代词、短语。所以看C里as后面没主没谓的就排除了。

但是这题给的解析里说，“as作连接词，它引导比较状语从句和方式状语从句，
like作介词，后面接名词。 ”

看到这里我就迷惑了，是真有这么回事呢？那是不是这五个选项前半句都是正确的呢？什么结构就算比较状语从句和方式状语从句了呢，我原先从来米有听说过呀！

最最重要的是，as 和like 是不是还有什么我不知道的用法和区别呢？

大侠帮忙解答一下吧，小女子跪谢各位了！

bluejake

XDF讲的吧…哎 …                   个人感觉啊仅供参考
个人觉得曼哈顿讲的就比较透彻了
Manhattan里比较一节说LIKE  vs. AS
Like vs. As________________
Like and as are two very common comparison signals. You should learn to distinguish between them.
Like is a preposition. This means that LIKE must be followed by nouns, pronouns, or noun phrases.
Never put a clause or a prepositional phrase after like (Remember, a clause contains a working verb, one that can be the main verb in a sentence.) You can correctly use like to compare two nouns.
Consider the following example:
Right:  LIKE her brother. Ava aced the test.
Here, like is followed by the noun phrase her brother. The whole phrase Like her brother indicates a comparison between Ava and her brother (two nouns). Note that like can be followed by gerunds (-ing forms used as nouns): LIKE swimming, skiing is great exercise.

On the other hand, as can be either a preposition (appearing with a noun) or a conjunction (appearing with a clause). You can correctly use as to compare two clauses. Again, however, you cannot use like to compare clauses.
Wrong: LIKE her brother DID, Ava aced the test.
Right:  AS her brother DID, Ava aced the test.
The words her brother did form a clause (did is a working verb). Therefore, you must use as to make the comparison between the two clauses Ava aced the test and her brother did. Using like to compare clauses is common in speech but always wrong in writing.

According to the GMAT, there is no difference in meaning between Like her brother, Ava aced the test and As her brother did, Ava aced the test. You can compare Ava and her brother directly, or you can compare what they did.

在Verbs & Comparisons: Extra中又进一步讲了

More on Like and As
Like means “similar to” or “in a manner similar to.”  A prepositional phrase with like can modify a noun or a verb, creating a comparison. Remember, only nouns or pronouns can follow like.
Notice that the position of the like phrase can change the meaning slightly, as in LIKE you, I danced last night and I danced LIKE you last night. Also, note that a like comparison might be metaphorical, not literal. He ran like the wind does not imply that the wind “runs”—only that the wind moves fast, and that he runs fast as well.
You have to be careful about ambiguity with a like phrase at the end of a sentence:
(1)        I want to coach divers LIKE Greg Louganis.
          = I want to coach divers WHO ARE LIKE Greg Louaanis.
OR
= I want to coach divers IN THE SAME WAY AS Greg Louganis does.
(2) I want to coach divers, LIKE Greg Louganis. (note the comma before like)
-  LIKE Grea Louaanis, I want to coach divers, (he coaches divers; I want to do so.)

Unlike is very common on the GMAT. Remember that you must ensure parallelism with unlike, even though unlike indicates that the two items are not like each other.
Right:  UNLIKE you. I danced last night.  (You did not dance last night.)
Unlike can come at the end of a sentence (just as like can), as long as there is no ambiguity. In the latter situation, the noun following unlike will generally be compared to the subject.
Right:  Most materials under a wide range of conditions resist the flow of electric current to some degree, UNLIKE superconductors, which demonstrate zero electrical resistance.

Again, as is either a conjunction or a preposition, depending on the context. You should distinguish among several meanings.

Conjunction As appears with a clause. It has three uses:
Duration As:  AS I strolled to the store, I smelled the air. (= while, during)
Causation As:  I will not tell you, AS you already know.  (= since, because)
Comparison As: You should walk AS she wants you to. (= in the same way)

Comparison As is the most important conjunction use of as on the GMAT. It sometimes appears together with just, so, or even so too.
Right:  JUST AS the trains were late yesterday, the buses are late today.
(这块感觉还是加上So好，毕竟是个平行，根据og13诊断52题)
Right:  JUST AS the trains were late yesterday, SO TOO are they late today.

Comparison As can also appear with a phrase, rather than a full clause.
Right:  AS in the previous case, the judge took an early break.
（选项C的句式）
Preposition As is used with a noun or noun phrase. It also has three uses:
Function As:  AS your leader, I am in charge. (= in the role of)
Equation As:  I think of you AS my friend.  (=you are my friend)
Stage As:  AS a child, I thought I could fly. (= when I was)

In any of these prepositional senses, As does not mean “similar to.”
Right:  I will jump up LIKE a clown.  (= in a clownish manner)（翻译成像）
Right:  I will jump up AS  a clown.  (= in a clown suit!) （in the role of 一个职业）
To force the Comparison As meaning, use a clause. To make a clause, include a verb:
Right:  I will jump up AS  a clown MIGHT.  (= like a hypothetical clown)
Right:  I will jump up AS  clowns DO.  (= like actual clowns)

The structure as...as... creates a comparison. The first as is followed by an adjective or adverb. The second as is followed by a noun, a phrase, or even a whole clause.
Right:  They are AS hungry AS you.
Right:  They are AS hungry AS you are.
Right:  They are AS hungry AS they were last night.
Note: In modern English, like is often misused to mean “for example.” Even the New York Times endorses this faulty usage. But the GMAT is firm on the issue.
Wrong:  I enjoy fast food LIKE hamburgers. (= fast food SIMILAR TO hamburgers)
Right:  I enjoy fast food SUCH AS hamburgers.
Do not use like to introduce examples. Instead, use the phrase such as. See the Idiom List for more details.

在idiom里也有As的相关用法 俺就不ctrl-c ctrl-v 了

再回到这个句子
In Hungary, as in much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women work, many of which are in middle management and light industry.
A.        as in much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women work, many of which are in
B.        as with much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women works, many in
C.        as in much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women work, many of them in
D.        like much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women works, and many are  
E.        like much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women work, many are in

比较的话like肯定排除了根本就不对等，再看AS 连接都不是句子 那么就是Preposition As  这里应该是Equation As
选项的意思就是说 ：IN匈牙利，像IN很多东欧（国家）一样，绝大部分女性工作，她们中的很多在中间管理层和轻工行业
A错在which 的用法
B错在with 两个IN 多好的平行（比较）还有women works
C 的同位语用的没问题

bjyxsrx

bluejake 发表于 2013-7-25 02:04
XDF讲的吧…哎 …                   个人感觉啊仅供参考
个人觉得曼哈顿讲的就比较透彻了
Manhattan里比 ...

万分感谢啊！太全面了~~等了几天以为不会有回复了呢，内牛满面大爱无疆啊~~~

cdbgin009

不对吧，这里as怎么会是介词呢？介词后面再加一个介宾结构，不觉得很奇怪吗？

而且as作为介词的时候，根本就不能用来构成比较结构，因为as做介词的时候没有“像”的意思

这里as是个连词啊，后面直接加了介宾结构是因为这里存在省略！

这道题目的比较对象是H和much of EE, 主句是EE后面那句 women work.

A：which的指代不论怎么解释都是不对的
B：women works。主谓不一致
D：同B
E：run-on

原句，像在大部分EE地区一样，在H，很大一部分妇女都工作，她们中的许多人都在轻工业和管理层

In Hungary, as【an overwhelming proportion of women work】 in much of Eastern Europe, an overwhelming proportion of women work, .......