og 255 为什么不能用将来史？

winnie

255. The bank holds $3 billion in loans that are seriously delinquent or in such trouble that they do not expect payments when due.

(A) they do not expect payments when

(B) it does not expect payments when it is

(C) it does not expect payments to be made when they are

(D) payments are not to be expected to be paid when（C）

(E) payments are not expected to be paid when they will be

Choice is C.

Og: are not to be in D and will be in E inappropriately shift action to the future. 为什么不能用将来史？

谢谢！

lilyzy

D应该可以理解. to be expected, expect 不应该是将来时态. 比如, i expect something will happen. 那么我们不会说I will expect  something will happen.

E我觉得是表示一种实际情况, 没有用将来时的必要.

angel_coco

主句将来时，从句要用现在时，何况主句不是将来时？我是这么认为的，呵呵

nasa_mst

通常when后都不用将来时。

winnie

1、D：expect 完全可以使用将来时态，不管在从句主句还是简单句中。下面是我从网上搜出来的：

not that I have any fault to find with Doctor Manette, except that he is not worthy of such a daughter, which is no imputation on him, for it was not to be expected that anybody should be, under any circumstances.（A Tale of Two Cities ，CHAPTER VI）

...It is to be expected that the selections ...

As is to be expected...

是否是从意思上，而不是从语法上判断，不应该用将来史？

2、E：我搜半天，发现：当when做时间状语连词时，when从句中确实没有用will等将来史的。谁可以confirm一下？就可以当成rule了。

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-1-5 12:05:12编辑过]

lilyzy

expect可以用将来时语法是没错. OG的解释是说inappropriately shift action to the future. 回到原句, The bank holds $3 billion in loans that are seriously delinquent or in such trouble that they do not expect payments when due.

可以看出原句并没有用将来时.　答案Ｃ也是保留现在时．

在看(D) payments are not to be expected to be paid when

如果变成payments are not expected to be paid一样可以表达意思．　为什么要用将来时？上面的例子I expect和I will expect也是反映了一个道理．

winnie

谢谢lilyzy的回复。但有保留意见：

1、will expect语法正确。而且，在正式英文中，will expect使用得还挺普遍。

如：Submit (in hardcopy) your revised cumulative journal to me for grading. I will expect the cumulative journal to be polished.

Fact of the matter is the more excuse they use, the more they will expect the fact that poor execution is just fine.

expcept应该是个正常的动词，几类基本时态都不避讳。

2、payments are not to be expected to be paid when和payments are not expected to be paid的意思还是有区别的。

（1）正确答案（C）：The bank holds $3 billion in loans that are seriously delinquent or in such trouble that  it does not expect payments to be made when they are due.

从句意上看，“The bank holds $3 billion in loans in trouble”中，holds说明bank已经有loans in trouble在手上了。逻辑上，bank目前就应该不expect（指望） payments to be made，而不是将来才会这样考虑。所以表达的是现在的情况。而payment和due倒是有可能是将来的action：payments to be made 、when they are due（when引导时间条件句，no will）。

（2）错误答案（D）：The bank holds $3 billion in loans that are seriously delinquent or in such trouble that  payments are not to be expected to be paid when due.

我想，OG说（D）inappropriately shift action to the future.更多从意思上考虑吧。抠字眼的话，shift的是action，对照正确答案，此处action指的是expect。

如果变成payments are not expected to be paid一样可以表达意思．　为什么要用将来时？

按照og的癖好，应该说：unnecessarily shift action to the future.或者出现awkward，redundant等字眼。而不是inappropriately shift.

个人见解。大家讨论

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-1-6 14:08:07编辑过]

winnie

为什么不能用将来史？

薰衣紫草

楼主的这些假设都基于银行只在快到期的时候才expect,而不时现在就expect. 所以expect用现在时是正确的.  

weichenli

为什么D 明明用 ARE 却说是将来的意思呢? are not to be expected..大不了是被动么?

..help needed again~ (看的我都晕了) thanks