求教OG 13 107 比较中for的用法

flhuihui1001

不懂求教，，，补充出来的that在这里指代什么啊？

bjzhengkai

While the cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as costs for other types of power plants
=While the cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as costs of running other types of power plants

所以costs for = costs of running

dennis2k

fred28 发表于 2013-6-15 20:42
我懂了。。。是比较对象的问题。。。如果是of 的话比较的就是运营核工厂的成本与其他工厂的成本一样了。 ...

用中文来讲有一点绕，加上LS的表达就更加清楚了。
感谢各位大神。

DreamerHan

fred28 发表于 2013-6-15 20:42
我懂了。。。是比较对象的问题。。。如果是of 的话比较的就是运营核工厂的成本与其他工厂的成本一样了。 ...

谢谢 懂了哈 还是要从语义上看 但为什么OG说D选项中的“for”是redundant，而E选项"for" is necessary呢 求NN指点

mmmmmignon

enkyklios 发表于 2013-6-15 20:47
完全正确。
无数人在谈论平行，平行真有那么重要吗？

大神 想知道为什么这里的cost for=the cost of running

mmmmmignon

mmmmmignon 发表于 2015-1-24 18:24
大神 想知道为什么这里的cost for=the cost of running

找到答案了~When you are dealing with ellipsis, it always helps to begin from the completely expanded version with all the words and then move your way to the abbreviated version by applying ellipsis along the way. I will do the same here:

Let's consider only the pertinent portion of the sentence.

1.        The cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as the cost of running other types of power plants.
No issues here with the comparison. Both sides of the comparison are grammatically and logically parallel.

Now what if I replace "the cost of running" with "that". After it is obvious that we are comparing cost of running of the two categories of plants. But when I apply this ellipsis, I need something to connect "that" with "other types of power plants".

2. (Without connection with that)
The cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as that other types of power plants. WRONG

2. (with correct connection)
The cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as that for other types of power plants.
So this is where the preposition "for" comes from.

Now we continue with our ellipsis. We can indeed even omit "that" from here since this omission will not lead to any ambiguity.

3.        The cost of running nuclear plants is about the same as for other types of power plants.

So this is how I get to the correct sentence containing "for".

Now let's apply the same on the set of sentences:
1.        The incidence of the disease among men exceeds the incidence of the disease among women.
1 to 2 - The incidence of the disease among men exceeds the incidence of the disease among women.
2.        The incidence of the disease among men exceeds the incidence among women.
2 to 3 - The incidence of the disease among men exceeds the incidence among women.
3.        The incidence of the disease among men exceeds that among women.

mmmmmignon

So the key thing here is that as you replace or omit words, think about what connections you may need to get the correct sentence. The nature of the two sentences is different. In the Official sentence, the main component - cost of running - took direct object without the need of any preposition. So when we replaced this with "that" we needed a connection - i.e. a preposition. However, in the other example, the main component - incidence of the disease - itself needed a preposition to connect to the object and hence when we replaced it with "that" we did not need to get another preposition.

Thus when you cross-check your work in ellipsis, start from the complete sentence and then work your way to simplified version with replacement words and omitted words.

iin1101

mmmmmignon 发表于 2015-1-24 18:49
找到答案了~When you are dealing with ellipsis, it always helps to begin from the completely expand ...

同意！               

elisepoon

mmmmmignon 发表于 2015-1-24 18:49
找到答案了~When you are dealing with ellipsis, it always helps to begin from the completely expand ...

这个解释太好了！翻到这个旧帖豁然开朗了，谢谢！