语法求救GWD-24-41 蚂蚁题

kevinjpcn

In California, a lack of genetic variation in the Argentine ant has allowed the species to spread widely; due to their being so genetically similar to one another, the ants consider all their fellows to be a close relative and thus do not engage in the kind of fierce intercolony struggles that limits the spread of this species in its native Argentina.

• Adue to their being so genetically similar to one another, the ants consider all their fellows to be a close relative and thus do not engage in the kind of fierce intercolony struggles that limits
• Bdue to its being so genetically similar the ant considers all its fellows to be a close relative and thus does not engage in the kind of fierce intercolnny struggles that limit
• Cbecause it is so genetically similar, the ant considers all its fellows to be close relatives and thus does not engage in the kind of fierce intercolony struggles that limits
• Dbecause they are so genetically similar to one another, the ants consider all their fellows to be close relatives and thus do not engage in the kind of fierce intercolony struggles that limit
• Ebecause of being so genetically similar to one another, the ants consider all their fellows to be a close relative and thus do not engage in the kind of fierce intercolony struggles that limits
  

有人说C对，有人说D对。但这道题正确答案应该是D. 请牛人看看。
C中的it is similar这种说法是不对的，因为it是单数。而D呢，that limit这个定语从句修辞介词the kind, 因为the kind of 后面是复数的struggles，所以that后面用limit是可以的。that limit的正确用法的证明请看下面：
whitehouse的权威例句：
权威例句1：
But a metal detector can't detect the kind of explosives that were sewn into his clothes
（http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/remarks-president-strengthening-intelligence-and-aviation-security）
权威例句2：
These are the kind of stories I hear from small business owners all the time.
（来自

• WHITEHOUSE: President Obama Announces New Small Business Lending Initiatives | The White House
  
  

）

还有，句子的最后的species in its native 的its 可以指代of 介词后面的species,请看曼哈顿gmat的解释。
its refers back to species, so having a singular or plural ant/ants does not matter in this instance. You can have a group of things that is then later referred to in the sentence as a single entity(http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/gmat-prep-verbal-sentence-correction-t11179-15.html)

chineuro

that这里必定是修饰struggles的，和kind没有关系。不用去考虑the kind+N的单复数问题。
PS：whitehouse的权威性能确认吗？

kevinjpcn

chineuro，老兄
谢谢你的见解。
我也不知道whitehouse的新闻稿是否权威，但whitehouse的新闻稿是书面语，而且至少不会太错误吧。

adamzjw

2楼应该是正解。

the fierce struggles limit the spread of such species

chineuro

kevinjpcn 发表于 2013-6-14 22:49
chineuro，老兄
谢谢你的见解。
我也不知道whitehouse的新闻稿是否权威，但whitehouse的新闻稿是书面语，而 ...

GMAT语法是应付GMAT考试的语法，非常严格/严谨，诚然如果掌握精髓确实能让我们书写的书面语熠熠生辉。但是用非官方的材料来讨论gmat语法是大忌，可以说毫无意义。我不建议你这么做。

kevinjpcn

chineuro，这两天看了新东方的语法总结，
其中说到that做限定性修辞的时候必须修辞紧贴that的那个词（只有which可以跳跃指代），
就像A of B that。。。， 这里that一定指B。
你完全正确，我终于明白了。谢谢！

chineuro

kevinjpcn 发表于 2013-6-24 00:14
chineuro，这两天看了新东方的语法总结，
其中说到that做限定性修辞的时候必须修辞紧贴that的那个词（只有w ...

well，也不尽然。which和that修饰谁，其实是个指代问题。还要结合其他因素综合分析，比方说动词的单复数形式，人和物的指代用不同的引导词，等等。。。

论坛上有个帖子，专门讲which和that的指代。看完就毕业了。

zdlovexh

kevinjpcn 发表于 2013-6-24 00:14
chineuro，这两天看了新东方的语法总结，
其中说到that做限定性修辞的时候必须修辞紧贴that的那个词（只有w ...

A of B that。。。， 这里that一定指B,这句话真的不一定正确。

曼哈顿第12章明确讲过，A “mission-critical” modifier falls down（两个修饰时，关键修饰放在中间）这种修饰经常是定义名词的of短语。第二重要的修饰指代名词+第一个修饰。

举的例子是：He had a way OF dodging opponents that impressed the scouts.
of dodging opponents修饰a way，that impressed the scouts修饰 a way of dodging opponents，that决定了that impressed the scouts不能修饰人opponents。

所以这里的that不一定只能指代struggles，也可以指代the kind of fierce intercolony struggles

san_dra_1994

zdlovexh 发表于 2013-8-1 11:31
A of B that。。。， 这里that一定指B,这句话真的不一定正确。

曼哈顿第12章明确讲过，A “mission-crit ...

Mark一下！               

推嫂

正学习曼哈顿的时候看见了帖子，来解释一下，虽然已经是2016年了。。。
He had a way OF DODGING OPPONENTS that impressed the scouts.
在这句话下面，曼哈顿提出了两个条件才越前指代的
一个是：Withoutthis modifier, the noun way is almost meaningless.
另一个是：It helps that the relative pronoun that cannot refer to human opponents, according to the GMAT.
放在题主这道GWD中，a kind短语本身是有意义的，struggle和从句也连得上，因此that优先指代struggles
都是我的理解，如果不对告诉我哈，我是语法小透明。。。