错了好几次的题，发上来大家一起讨论下！

bejamin1111

OA 是E，关于D和E，我觉得D的语法逻辑意思都ok。有人说being错误，它咋就错了，有什么根据？简单的以Being错误为原因排除D我觉得不可取，求大神赐教！

The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending from northern Ecuador through Peru to Southern Chile.

A.    Columbus was the Incan highway, which over 2,500 miles long and extending

B.    Columbus was the Incan highway, over 2,500 miles in length, and extended
C.    Columbus, the Incan highway, which was over 2,500 miles in length and extended

D.    Columbus, the Incan highway, being over 2,500 miles in length, was extended

E.     Columbus, the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long, extending

peby1223

这题我初选认为应该选择B。
理由：根据结构 Road system ...was the Incan highway , over 2,500 miles in length(修饰) ,and extended....
B选项was 和extended完美平行

但是尼玛选E，好吧。。。通过E选项来看
理由：根据句意，是想表达这个road system有多长，延伸了多长；
故，选项E的确可以这样表达出来。
extending不能说它错，因为ing表达，是一种持续的状态，即使在今天这个system它也是有这么长的延伸。
而且，extend肯定用主动啊，sth. extend，没有sth. is extended的用法，被延伸吗？
另外,being这种用法很不可靠，over 2500 miles in length，是一个修饰状语，无须加being。
我举个例子：
I find a ball black. 这是一句正确的句子，black是一个后置定语修饰ball。
难道要改写成:
I find a ball being black. 吗？

当然，这里还有一个关于同位语修饰的考点：

1.    当职位、称号前是定冠词时，如果是第一次提到某人，是不必用逗号的

example:
The author Ernest Hemingway was known for his drunken and violent escapades.

2.      如果你已经引用了两个或多个人，但是你正在使用the 去挑选出他们中的一个，这是需要使用一个逗号

example：

      Among her friends were an author and a painter; the author, Ernest Hemingway, went on to become an icon of American literature.

因为system前面已经提到过一次，再提到incan highway时，已经算是第二次提它，则需要加逗号。

bejamin1111

peby1223 发表于 2013-6-12 01:21
这题我初选认为应该选择B。
理由：根据结构 Road system ...was the Incan highway , over 2,500 miles in  ...

感谢写了这么多！
关于B和appositive的考点我无异议，我的纠结于DE；关于你的答复，几个疑问，
1.over 2500 miles in length，是一个修饰状语？既然做修饰成分，怎么可能是状语呢？
2.I find a ball black关于这个例子，我认为一般情况下我们只会说I find a black ball ，这里black是状语么？显然不是。OG有确选项中有being是正确选项的题目，这里关于being不靠谱的说法感觉有待商榷。

peby1223

bejamin1111 发表于 2013-6-12 10:01
感谢写了这么多！
关于B和appositive的考点我无异议，我的纠结于DE；关于你的答复，几个疑问，
1.over 25 ...

我去查了一下，首先很抱歉，关于状语的说法不正确
I find a ball black. 这里的black应该是后置定语，这么用是允许的，举个例子
  Have you ever met anyone famous 这里famous也是后置定语
此处D选项中为什么要把being去掉，是因为 , over 2500 miles in lenght ,  这是一个同位语
RIGHT:  Mr. Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.
WRONG:Mr. Smith, being our new teacher,is very kind to us.

bejamin1111

peby1223 发表于 2013-6-12 11:50
我去查了一下，首先很抱歉，关于状语的说法不正确
I find a ball black. 这里的black应该是后置定语，这 ...

亲，关于定语的解释完全赞同；关于同位语这个例子也是ok的。
就D像而言，我觉得over 2,500 miles in length应该不是the Incan highway的同位语，而是modifier，你觉得呢？因为两个就不是同一个事物。关于同位语的定义是这样的An appositive is a noun, noun phrase, or series of nouns placed next to another word or phrase to identify or rename it.

ayasin

A. Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending
-though the modifier which correctly describes highway, the "sentence" is actually a sentence fragment, as the which needs to be followed by a verb (preferably "was")

B. Columbus was the Incan highway, over 2,500 miles in length, and extended
-the use of extended in the absence of which was is incorrect; the proper construction should be extending (as extended gives the impression that the road was intentionally lengthened rather than simply existing between two points).

C. Columbus, the Incan highway, which was over 2,500 miles in length and
extended
-since the phrase the Incan highway is set off by commas, the entire introductory modifier is describing the Incan highway. As a result, the which is unnecessary since it creates a sentence fragment.

D. Columbus, the Incan highway, being over 2,500 miles in length, was extended
-BEING IS BAD!!!!

E. Columbus, the Incan highway was over 2,500 miles long, extending
-The introductory phrase The greatest road system built in the Americas prior to the arrival of Christopher
Columbus properly describes the Incan highway. Furthermore, the subordinate phrase extending from
northern Ecuador through Peru to Southern Chile provides additional information about the length of the highway in a manner that is grammatically correct.

Though tricky, the correct answer is E.

bejamin1111

ayasin 发表于 2013-6-12 13:05
A. Columbus was the Incan highway, which, over 2,500 miles long and extending
-though the modifier  ...

曼哈顿的instructor还是还是简单地无根据以being的出现未原因排除D选项...

ARG

"Being"can be OK as long as at least one of the following 2 conditions:
1,It is part of Passive-voice construction(note that such constructions require a form of “to be”),so,if the paasive voice is in the -ing form,that form will manifest as "being".
2,It is used as a Gerund(i.e.,the action of “being something”is treated as a Noun in the sentence),most ,but not all of these gerunds will be the gerund of a construction in the passive voice.
                                                                                            --------------by Ron
曾经有个接近满分的NN总结过肯定错类型中有一项是beng+n./adj.

但现在我发现了Being+n的结构正确的例子了，A mixture of poems and short fiction, Jean Toomer's Cane has been called one of the three best novels ever written by a Black American—the others being Richard Wright's Native Son and Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man.（08prep)
Ron:         
in many cases with "being", you can simply omit "being". for instance:
jimmy, being an accountant, knows the tax code well.
you can revise this to just...
jimmy, an accountant, knows the tax code well.

in this case, you can't just kill the "being", so you should consider it as a legitimate option (which, as it turns out, it actually is in this case).
看来还是没有绝对之说，重在随机应变。


非NN，希望能够帮到你

bejamin1111

ARG 发表于 2013-6-12 14:35
"Being"can be OK as long as at least one of the following 2 conditions:
1,It is part of Passive-voic ...

nice!第二种情况OG13中出现过，第一种还没见到例子，先存着！

板栗在奋斗

我一般这么区别逗号点开的定语，加which is看看对不对。