Ben的复习笔记回顾

bejamin1111

【1】Idiom:a crime for ...to hold;
【2】对于GWD1-Q2题目中，在支持B选项的童鞋里，很多人说E选项：6percent its share不对，其实这是因为为了给后面的which定语从句合理安排语序，而把increase的正常宾语置后了，其实我们在原句中就可以看到文中的意思，认为是increase share，这样做是为了避免头重脚轻，所以正常的语序应该是increase its share of....market which(or that)ranges....to....from...另外，在词典里可以查到increase to的固定搭配。

类似的各种古怪的后置结构都有存在，我们其实在语法和阅读部分都见过非常多了，另外我再引用一个GWD里面我以前没有见过的后置，是把用来修饰主语的of介宾短语，置于谓语动词的后面，因为该修饰成分太长，而谓语只有has emerged而已，所以如果按照正常语序难免头重脚轻，但是很多人乍一看起来，都觉得has emerged of....太怪了，后来看了语法笔记才知道，这是主语定语后置！呵呵，我也犯了个大错误，一上来就把它排除了，其实它才是正确选项。例句如下：
Navigators have known for thousands of years that the ocean has variable currents, but it is only in the last half century that a reasonably clear picture has emerged of the patterns and causes of ocean currents. (picture of the patterns and picture of the currents)

Kya

up~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~让更多人看到~

bejamin1111

【1】比较结构中核心词的省略：
in contexts in which you would repeat a noun, you don't have to include the repeated noun; you may merely imply it. this is known as ellipsis.
for instance:
this year's heavyweight champion is shorter than last year's.
【2】关于ving和V的名词形式的选择（From Ron）；
if you see a split between
* an -ING form that's used as a noun, and
* a dedicated noun form of the same action,
then ALWAYS pick the dedicated noun form.
here, the second half of the comparison is clearly "last year's heavyweight champion", but you don't have to say "heavyweight champion" again.

bejamin1111

Kya 发表于 2013-7-19 12:31
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thx, hope it helps.

bejamin1111

【1】"Even though" indicates some kind of cause-effect connection
【2】of+noun+ving：the gmat considers such constructions fatally awkward, and won't include them in correct answers.
If the focus of the construction is the ACTION, then you must use the POSSESSIVE form for the noun/pronoun preceding the "-ing"
everyone laughed at me accidentally walking into the girls' bathroom --> WRONG. sorry. this sentence would actually mean that everyone laughed at me as they were walking into the girls' bathroom.
everyone laughed at my accidentally walking into the girls' bathroom --> CORRECT, because it's the action (my walking into the bathroom, not really me) that they're laughing at.
i saw him walking down the street --> correct, because it was him i saw, not his walking action. this sentence is, however, ambiguous, because either he or i may have been the one walking down the street.
【3】while 和 unlike
"unlike NOUN" is a modifier that has to describe/modify another noun -- thus creating a comparison between those two nouns. (you can eliminate the first 3 options very quickly by using this idea.)

"while CLAUSE" isn't a modifier -- it's an entire clause -- so it doesn't attach to any particular noun or element in the main clause. so, in that case, you are covered as long as there's some sense of contrast between the 2 clauses (as there is here).
【4】enough：
enough to
enough for
enough that ×
sufficient + enough is REDUNDANT. redundancy is very bad.
same reason you wouldn't say "reply back", "added bonus", or "determined as a result of" (see #138 in OG11, if you have that).

bejamin1111

【1】Were it not for..." and "instead" is redundant.
【2】数字的表达法：
If you see twice as many X's, or [i]half as many X's, or three times this/that number of X's, etc. -- just treat it in the same way you'd treat "two X's" or "twenty X's" or whatever.

So:
Two trucks came off the assembly line.
Twice as many trucks came off the assembly line.
Three times the previous number of trucks came off the assembly line.
【3】that/those of...sb/sth's 累赘；

bejamin1111

【1】关于现在完成时的几个短语：
actually, "in the last half-century" REQUIRES the present perfect, because it's an indefinite period of time that extends up to the present.
similarly, you must use the present perfect with any of the following constructions:
"within the last (TIME PERIOD)..."
"since (DATE)..."
"for the last (TIME PERIOD)..

Apolloemma

支持，支持。

bejamin1111

【1】比较中关于that，those等补出与否：
Only seven people this century have been killed by the great white shark, the man-eater of the movies—movies—fewer than those have been
those的出现使得句子错误；
you can't use parallel constructions with "those"/"that"/etc, in separate clauses, unless they are EXACTLY PARALLEL to whatever shows up in the other part.

in this case:
you can't write "those killed by bee stings"
unless
the other part contains "people killed by the great white shark" (with NOTHING IN BETWEEN).
it doesn't, so you can't.
【2】

• as many的用法(摘自Longman):
  

as many=a number that is equal to another number ?表示同样的数字

They say the people of Los Angeles speak 12 languages and teach just

as many

in the schools.

in as many days/weeks/games etc.

A great trip! We visited five countries in

as many

days (=in five days).

*: "twice as many", "one-quarter as many", etc.都是非常常见的用法，记住这样的表达。

bejamin1111

遇到的一道比较凶悍狡猾的以like作为opening modifier开头的题
1. Almost like clones in their similarity to one another, the cheetah species’ homogeneity makes them especially vulnerable to disease.
A. the cheetah species’ homogeneity makes them especially vulnerable to disease
B. the cheetah species is especially vulnerable to disease because of its homogeneity
C. the homogeneity of the cheetah species makes it especially vulnerable to disease
D. homogeneity makes members of the cheetah species especially vulnerable to disease
E. members of the cheetah species are especially vulnerable to disease because of their homogeneity

做题时感受：未在读完句子时看出和clones对应的词；
和clones对应的应该是 cheetah species，如果第一眼能看出这个，那么答案就在BE之间，再从clones判断species应该作为复数的含义出现，那么就圈定答案E。