OG 13 SC-10 代词指代在不同选项官方解释的迥然不同!

米恺儿

OG 13 SC-10
The widely accepted big bang theory holds that the
universe began in an explosive instant ten to twenty
billion years ago and has been expanding ever since.
(A) that the universe began in an explosive instant
ten to twenty billion years ago and has been
expanding
(B) that the universe had begun in an explosive
instant ten to twenty billion years ago and had
been expanding
(C) that the beginning of the universe was an
explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago
that has expanded
(D) the beginning of the universe to have been an
explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago
that is expanding
(E) the universe to have begun in an explosive
instant ten to twenty billion years ago and has
been expanding

正确选项是A没问题。想请教的是，作为句句经典的OG, 官方解释在C,D项对句末that从句的完全不一样。
C选项that has expanded指代instant;而D选项that is expanding指代的是beginning!两个选项除了句末that从句时态不一致外，只有细微的the beginning前that的差别。请教NN!!!

rylstar01

The widely accepted big bang theory holds that the universe began in an explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago and has been expanding ever since.
(C) that the beginning of the universe was an explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago that has expanded
(D) the beginning of the universe to have been an explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago that is expanding
1）C的整个句子结构为，The theory holds that the beginning ...was instant ...that has expanded...
2）D的整个句子结构为， The theory holds the beginning... that is expanding...
3）C中holds that后为系表结构，the beginning was instant...第二个that修饰instant；
4）D中的the beginning (of the universe to have been an explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago) that...括号部分属于对the beginning的修饰成分，that的定位直接锁定了the beginning

说得不全面的，咱们一起探讨

米恺儿

谢谢快速的回复！那么D项中the beginning (of the universe to have been an explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago)，括号里修饰beginning的部分，to have been...ago是否是不定式修饰universe?