【求助】OG12-SC17 即 OG13-SC21，求NN们解答~~~

Yui1991

17. The commission has directed advertisers to
restrict the use of the word “natural” to foods that
do not contain color or flavor additives, chemical
preservatives, or nothing that has been synthesized.
(A) or nothing that has been
(B) or that has been
(C) and nothing that is
(D) or anything that has been
(E) and anything

OG的解释：
Idiom; Logical predication
The use of do not and nothing in the same sentence creates a double negative and reverses the intended meaning. Anything should be used instead of nothing. Logically, a “natural” food cannot contain any prohibited ingredient, so the list of prohibited ingredients must be connected
by or.
A   The use of nothing creates a double negative.
B   That has been synthesized distorts the meaning by referring to foods, rather than to something added to a food.
C   The use of nothing creates a double negative; and should be or.
D   Correct. Th is sentence correctly avoids a double negative and uses parallel elements.
E   And distorts the meaning of the sentence.
The correct answer is D.

CD上搜到的基本上都是问DE的and和or的，我的问题是：

1.   ABC选项里的that的指代分别都是nothing和anything么？
2.   D项that能省略么？即D项变为：or anything has been. 不能的原因是因为平行的关系么，前几项都是noun的并列，而or后面也不能变成完整的句子，has been synthesized只是一个noun modifier?
2.   E选项如果把and 改成or，即or anything，那对不对呢？这时的synthesized就i是v-ed做后置定语？


请大家帮忙解答一下啊~~~~~~谢谢啦~~~

Yui1991

啊都没有人~

adamzjw

你才发了几个小时而已。。。

1）
A, or nothing that (nothing) has been
B, to foods that do not contain color or flavor additives, chemical preservatives, or that （ foods） has been synthesized
C, and nothing that (nothing) is

2) 是的，改变之后不平行。

3）
or anything synthesized 从语法上是可以的
但or anything that has been synthesized 和 or anything (that is) synthesized 不等价，所以我认为不能这样改
(但我不是很明白作者在这里用has been的用意，看到其他讨论中有人认为两者中 is synthesized还更好)

Yui1991

adamzjw 发表于 2013-4-3 19:27
你才发了几个小时而已。。。

1）

你才发了几个小时而已。。。

1）
A, or nothing that (nothing) has been
B, to foods that do not contain color or flavor additives, chemical preservatives, or that （ foods） has been synthesized
C, and nothing that (nothing) is

2) 是的，改变之后不平行。

3）
or anything synthesized 从语法上是可以的
但or anything that has been synthesized 和 or anything (that is) synthesized 不等价，所以我认为不能这样改(但我不是很明白作者在这里用has been的用意)

噢噢~谢谢解答~~~
ummm, 不了解一般是要多久才有人回...
还有一些不明白的：
第三个问题你说那两个不等价是既有时态上的，也有语意上的么？第一个表示一种被合成的过程而第二个就表示那个东西的特征？
has been会不会是因为主句里也是用的has directed呢？

adamzjw

Yui1991 发表于 2013-4-3 19:38
噢噢~谢谢解答~~~
ummm, 不了解一般是要多久才有人回...
还有一些不明白的：

我也不知道要多久呢。但你可以先放一阵子在回来看吧。

如果时态用差别语义也会有差别吧。

has been在这里肯定不会是指动作的延续，我猜是强调反对的是人工合成本身而不是合成出来东西？

但这个差别我觉得我说不好，等NN进来吧。

haylineee

adamzjw 发表于 2013-4-3 19:48
我也不知道要多久呢。但你可以先放一阵子在回来看吧。

如果时态用差别语义也会有差别吧。

迷惑我的是这句话的逻辑语义，
答案说，a natural food cannot contain any prohibited ingredient.说自然的食物不会包含任何禁止的成分，
但是我看上面这整句话的意思是：委员会已经命令广告商去限制natural这个词的使用对于一些食物，（什么食物呢），是没有包含色素，添加剂，化学成分和合成的食物------这在常理上讲就奇怪了，按理说这种“没有~~~~的食物“应该是可以用natural来修饰的，为什么会限制natural的使用呢，这句话在我看来就是这个意思，但是答案那样写，好像把restrict给忘了，是我理解的有问题，还是og这道题有问题？？

adamzjw

haylineee 发表于 2013-4-5 23:26
迷惑我的是这句话的逻辑语义，
答案说，a natural food cannot contain any prohibited ingredient.说自 ...

字典上说：If you restrict someone or their activities to one thing, they can only do, have, or deal with that thing. If you restrict them to one place, they cannot go anywhere else. 限制 (在某范围)

也就是限制仅在没有包含色素等添加剂的食物上使用natural这个词。

jay871750293

adamzjw 发表于 2013-4-5 23:55
字典上说：If you restrict someone or their activities to one thing, they can only do, have, or dea ...

赞一个~
正好解惑了~~

avocadodo

adamzjw 发表于 2013-4-5 23:55
字典上说：If you restrict someone or their activities to one thing, they can only do, have, or dea ...

谢谢！ 一下明白了...

zjnyforever

upppppppppppppppppppp~