大全里面三道题目求助！在CD上找了也没统一说法！请留步...

lisney

123－119－14 Scientists have dated sharp-edged flakes of stone found in the fine-grained sediments of a dry riverbed in the Afar region of Ethiopia to between 2.52 and 2.60 million years ago, pushing back by more than 150,000 years the earliest date（ when it is known that humans made） stone tools.
A.        when it is known that humans made
B.        at which it is known that humans had made
C.        at which humans are known to have made
D.        that humans are known to be making
E.   of humans who were known to make
答案是c，我也觉得这个最合适，，但是答案里的are 和have，为什么用现在是和现在完成时呢？这个不是指以前的humans made stone tools么？

102－311－87 Although it claims to delve into political isssues, television can be （superficial such as when each of the three major networks ）broadcast exactly the same statement from a political candidate.
A.superficial such as when each of the three major networks
B.superficial, as can sometines occur if all of the three major networks
C.superficial if the three major networks all
D.superficial whenever each of the thre e major networks
E.superficial, as when the three major networks each

在此题之前有提示：逻辑关系的改变，加强或丢失： if条件，when时间，because因果，although转折，这题里面迷惑人的是c,e选项，我一开始选择的是c，但是想到“if条件”就是说television can be superficial的条件是the three major networks all broadcast exactly the same statement…但是，其实这并不是条件对吗！？条件有很多（也许），这里选项指的是“当…时候，…会怎样”所以是when时间。选E。
各位大牛们，我说的对吗？还有，可以分析下这个as when。。。。。么？

99－298－38 （Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, using it to help build ）a modern industrial system.
(A) Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, using it to help build
(B) Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War and used it to help in building
(C) Japan used the huge sums of capital it received from the United States after the Second World War to help build
(D) Japan’s huge sums of capital received from the United States after the Second World War were used to help it in building
(E) Receiving huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, Japan used it to help build


B,D不用说，都awkward，wordy，答案是c，但是，e哪里错了？？！！

kiwifoodtown

这么说吧：
1题，are known 这是被动语态，动作发生不是在过去，而是现在，是被认知，是现在的事，而have made stone tools是一个贯穿于各个时期的状态，并不是一个止于过去某个时期的动作。

2题，本题按句意不能用if条件。所以用 as when 来举例说明。

3题，Receiving huge sums。。。。。在这里修饰Japan used it to help build 。。吗？ 另外 it 指代的清楚吗？仔细体会。

lisney

kiwifoodtown 发表于 2013-3-28 15:37
这么说吧：
1题，are known 这是被动语态，动作发生不是在过去，而是现在，是被认知，是现在的事，而have m ...

谢谢！！明白了！！
再确认下哦~Receiving huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, Japan used it to help build这个E选项里，it 的指代可能是capital 也有可能是指之前receiving....这件事？？？感觉gmat  sc 题目里面好多it指代的都错。。。。

kiwifoodtown

lisney 发表于 2013-3-29 16:25
谢谢！！明白了！！
再确认下哦~Receiving huge sums of capital from the United States after the Seco ...

所以要反复研读Manhattan 语法里关于指代的问题，应该讲的很详细。