OG13 71题 过去时和现在完成时的理解！！！

Lynsey玲

71. Along the major rivers that traverse the deserts of northeast Africa, the Middle East, and northwest India, the combination of a reliable supply of water and good growing conditions both encouraged farming traditions that, in places, endure in at least 6,000 years.
(A) good growing conditions both encouraged farming traditions that, in places, endure in
(B) good growing conditions encouraged farming traditions that have, in places, endured for
(C) of good growing conditions have encouraged farming traditions that, in places, endured for
(D) of good growing conditions both encouraged farming traditions that have, in places, endured
(E) of good growing conditions encouraged farming traditions that have, in places, been enduring for


答案是B，这没有问题，但是我想问的是这里encouraged可以用have encouraged吗，感觉encouraged这个动作发生在过去但是它的影响一直持续到现在而用现在完成时也没错啊
求NN们指正

honghegu

我的看法是，作者没有强调对当前的影响啊，所以完成时没有依据。而且即使是完成时也应该是has encouraged吧。主语是combination

Lynsey玲

我的看法是，作者没有强调对当前的影响啊，所以完成时没有依据。而且即使是完成时也应该是has encouraged吧。主语是combination

-- by 会员 honghegu (2013/2/21 21:12:13)

如何理解没有强调对当前的影响呢？个人认为，encourage the farming trdition 持续了6000年，是不是它的影响呢

honghegu

哦，你是说那个for 600 year啊，
我是这么理解的SVO that svo for 600 years
那个for的介宾是在定语从句里面的

Lynsey玲

噢，懂了！所以encourage并没有信号词指示它用现在完成时，只表示过去某一刻的动作，直接用过去时就好了；for 6000 years是在that从句里，修饰的只是endure。。。
明白了，谢谢哈~~

chongyini

Lynsey玲 发表于 2013-2-22 00:08
噢，懂了！所以encourage并没有信号词指示它用现在完成时，只表示过去某一刻的动作，直接用过去时就好了；f ...

亲，为什么不用encourages呢，感觉主句谓语动词用过去时而that从句用have done不对呢~

Lynsey玲

chongyini 发表于 2013-10-3 09:30
亲，为什么不用encourages呢，感觉主句谓语动词用过去时而that从句用have done不对呢~ ...

根据句意，encourage这个动作是发生在过去的，所以肯定要用过去时态呀~
现在时表示这个动作经常发生的或者是个general rule，显然这里encourage不符合，对吧~

至于你说的主句用过去时，从句用现在完成时不合理，我似乎没有看到过这个rule呢，觉得还是应该根据context来看的。
下面是一个PREP08上的例子，主句用现在时，从句用了过去完成时。
The first detailed study of magpie attacks in Australia indicates that  by the time they reached adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women born in the country had been attacked by the birds

chongyini

Lynsey玲 发表于 2013-10-3 16:00
根据句意，encourage这个动作是发生在过去的，所以肯定要用过去时态呀~
现在时表示这个动作经常发生的或 ...

对的！谢谢啊~而且OG-77也是
A 1972 agreement between Canada and the United States reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump into the Great Lakes.
(A) reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump
(B) reduced the phosphate amount that municipalities had been dumping
(C) reduces the phosphate amount municipalities have been allowed to dump
(D) reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities are allowed to dump
(E) reduces the amount of phosphates allowed for dumping by municipalities
答案选D，主句用的过去式，从句用的现在式，果然要看context~

Lynsey玲

chongyini 发表于 2013-10-3 16:30
对的！谢谢啊~而且OG-77也是
A 1972 agreement between Canada and the United States reduced the amoun ...

嗯哪~不客气哦~~

刚果弯弯

Lynsey玲 发表于 2013-2-22 00:08
噢，懂了！所以encourage并没有信号词指示它用现在完成时，只表示过去某一刻的动作，直接用过去时就好了；f ...

soga 好聪明