177. Bihar is India’s poorest state, with an annual per capita income of $111, lower than in the most impoverished countries of the world. (A) lower than in (B) lower than that of (C) and lower than that of (D) which is lower than in (E) which is lower than it is in
其实可以不用管With到底修饰谁,有个好办法是看逻辑!在这里引用 babybearmm的说法: 只知道要stick to the LITERAL meaning of "with" 举例: 我们假设到了夏天,鹿就进入繁殖季节 With summer coming, biologists estimate that the deer population will soon increase. (INCORRECT) 这话严格说来,从逻辑上看,有问题 你提炼主干 with summer coming, biologists estimate ... 那读者会问:”夏天到来,和你生物学家作预测,有嘛关系?难道说,夏天不到来,生物学家就不做预测,就吃白饭的?“ 这就是我想说的如何从字面上去理解with
这句话这么改,就对 With summer coming, the dear population, based on the estimation of biologists, will soon increase. 当然,这只是一种改法,我就提供一个思路,就说咱的主干逻辑是:夏天到来 与 鹿群数量增长 直接相关。所以我们把直接相关的信息放在主干,不直接相关的(生物学家的预测)放在插入。我编的这句话,我用了based on作为noun modifier. 就说这句话的主干如下 With summer coming, the dear population will increase. 这里with是make sense的,因为确实是直接相关的、伴随的
回到原句,咱再来说,假如我们不想改变主干结构(biologists estimate ...),怎么能让"with..." make sense。比如我编这句话: With thorough investigation, biologists estimate that the deer population will soon increase. 这个with就是make sense。因为你提炼主干 With thorough investigation, biologists estimate .... 你能看出来它的意思,说biologists经过调研,推测什么什么 这个with就make sense 而如果换成"with summer coming",就不make sense,难道夏天不到,生物学家就不干活?