[求助]gwd-1-41 急，快考试了，大家帮帮忙

fxxxfxxx

大橘子 发表于 2017-7-19 16:00
e选项中well established不能是伴随做状语吗？

不能，这里well established只能是修饰mineral extraction

watercjf

大橘子 发表于 2017-7-19 16:00
e选项中well established不能是伴随做状语吗？

Ron对E选项的解释，参考一下~

inappropriate tense.
if the past perfect is used to describe a state or description of something (as opposed to an action verb), it should generally be used to describe a state/description that is no longer the case. since leaching is presumably still an extraction method (this is not the sort of thing that is subject to change), the past perfect is inappropriate.

also, the modifier (starting with "well established") shouldn't be a nonessential modifier, i.e., it shouldn't be set off by commas.
this isn't generally a difference that's tested, so i'll defer the explanation to the following thread, on which i wrote about it: post45536.html#p45536
after you read that part, you should better understand why the nonessential modifier doesn't work here.

萨维学姐

说一下自己对E的理解。首先，如果把well established看作是一个modifier，那么就存在Ron说的应该是essential modifier，不能加逗号的问题。这里修饰的应该是method。但是如果没有逗号，这个修饰应不应该紧跟method？在extraction后会不会有歧义？这一点存疑，求大神解答。

其次，如果把well established 看作逻辑主语结构，那么后面的as early as···修饰的成分就变了，变成了修饰 established。但根据题意应该是修饰 was a method (had been a method.

当然，同意E最大的问题在于时态。

以上，求指正~谢谢

AMBER513

看一下！               

AMBER513

established修饰的对象错了，另外past perfect感觉在这里用起来很怪异，有一种先于established的感觉