请大家帮忙分析下这题语法~

joyzhang1990

语法题一枚~
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-061 VSC001448 hard
Sculpted boulders found at Lepenski Vir, an example of the earliest monumental art known from central and Western Europe, includes 15 figures with human features similar to Upper forms and to Middle Eastern stone figurines.
A. Vir, an example of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe, includes
B. Vir, examples of the monumental art known from central and western Europe, include earliest of monumental art known from central and western Europe, include
C. Vir are examples of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe and includes
D. Vir are examples of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe, including

不知道为啥只有四个选项。答案选B。但是还是不清楚。请童鞋再进一步分析下~
大家共同进步~谢谢你们！

sisichen666

题目好像是这样的
Sculpted boulders found at Lepenski Vir, an example of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe, includes 15 figures with human features similar to Upper Paleolithic forms and to Middle Eastern Nantufian stone figurines.

A) Vir, an example of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe, includes
B) Vir, examples of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe, include
C)Vir, earliest of monumental art known from central and western Europe, include
D)Vir are examples of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe and includes
E)Vir are examples of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe, including

根据同位语，主谓一致，保持原文含义的原则，不难选择B
LZ再重新看一边，有问题再问

yaozaizai

E选项，including可能是修饰SB，也可能修饰examples。如果是修饰SB，没啥问题。但是修饰examples就有歧义了，因为examples是指 earliest monumental art 中的一些examples，但是有可能出了SB还有其他的examples（earliest monumental art范围很大），而那些除了SB以外的examples就没有including后描述的特性了。B明显更清晰，而且同位语又是偏爱。反正遇到同位语的题，大多数答案都和同位语沾边的。

joyzhang1990

请大家帮帮忙吧~自己语法很菜~

joyzhang1990

好的。偶再看看。谢谢你哦~

joyzhang1990

好的。偶再看看。谢谢你哦~

joyzhang1990

题目好像是这样的
Sculpted boulders found at Lepenski Vir, an example of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe, includes 15 figures with human features similar to Upper Paleolithic forms and to Middle Eastern Nantufian stone figurines.

A) Vir, an example of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe, includes
B) Vir, examples of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe, include
C)Vir, earliest of monumental art known from central and western Europe, include
D)Vir are examples of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe and includes
E)Vir are examples of the earliest monumental art known from central and western Europe, including

根据同位语，主谓一致，保持原文含义的原则，不难选择B
LZ再重新看一边，有问题再问

-- by 会员 sisichen666 (2012/10/28 21:08:05)

偶发现偶看的版本上这个题写的有点不对。。。。

牛掰

sisichen666 发表于 2012-10-28 21:08
题目好像是这样的Sculpted boulders found at Lepenski Vir, an example of the earliest monumental art k ...

你好~
为什么不能选择E呀？我看解释上多从语义上分析的，看了半天，没有琢磨清楚语义有什么不对~应该是v.ing这块没有理解~谢谢解答了，大牛~

hemodata

牛掰 发表于 2013-5-15 11:08
你好~
为什么不能选择E呀？我看解释上多从语义上分析的，看了半天，没有琢磨清楚语义有什么不对~应该是v. ...

看这个帖子倒数第二楼
关于,including的用法有别于其他，ving的用法部分

我觉得应该是对的

或者，这里avik.ch的发言，第一页的倒数第4楼，和那个贴子的最后一楼
他主要引用的是ron的解释，也应该是对的
http://www.beatthegmat.com/sculpted-boulders-found-at-lepenski-t113605.html

关于including的用法
1. It modifies the preceding noun. ( it looks like a comm+ing modifier, but it did not work in this way)
John scored 100 marks in his most recent exam, bringing his average to 95%. - It modifies the whole clause.
The Natural Fitness Test consists mostly of body exercise program, including sit-ups, X….

2.It should give a list of some, but not all, of that noun.

The Gym teacher asked us to do three body exercise, including X,Y and Z.( this is wrong, as all are mentioned)
The Gym teacher asked us to do ten body exercise, including X,Y and Z ( this is Ok)

Please note : These all are Ron's example.

Jerry2nd

hemodata 发表于 2013-7-26 12:42
看这个帖子倒数第二楼
关于,including的用法有别于其他，ving的用法部分

我还是不太理解，能不能具体一点。我觉得including在这里一点歧义都没有，这道题虽然选了B，但无法说服自己E的问题有多严重。。。

hemodata

Jerry2nd 发表于 2013-8-5 20:51
我还是不太理解，能不能具体一点。我觉得including在这里一点歧义都没有，这道题虽然选了B，但无法说服自 ...

“，+including”只用于修饰逗号前面那个名词

including的用法类似介词，有别于其他ving结构，不能用于修饰前面的句子

而且，正确选项中，中间部分是同位语，用于补充说明。句子的重心事再说SB这个东西包含的有什么什么和其他地方已发现物品相似之处。如果选择E，句子变成了说明SB是一个什么东西，补充说明了它和别处的有什么相似性。通常来讲，正确选项不会显著的改变原句重心，除非原句本身表达问题很大。