OG13 SC 第72题~求解！！！多谢各位！

liujiawen104

His studies of ice-polished rocks in his Alpine homeland, far outside the range of present-day glaciers, led Louis Agassiz in 1837 to propose the concept of an age in which great ice sheets had existed in now currently temperate areas.

(A) in which great ice sheets had existed in nowcurrently temperate areas
(B) in which great ice sheets existed in what are now temperate areas
(C) when great ice sheets existed where there were areas now temperate
(D) when great ice sheets had existed in current temperate areas
(E) when great ice sheets existed in areas now that are temperate

答案是B，但是我选的D
看了OG的解释，还是不明白为什么不能用had existed？这不是在那人提出观点前已经存在了吗？发生在led之前，过去的过去？
还有就是为什么不能用current，必须要用currently？

多谢大家指导！

DUKB24

now的问题不是关键

还是那句老话，你得知道过去完成时和一般过去时是在同一条时间轴上面的，他们两者是在一条线上的两个不同点


这里led和existed是没有关系的，恐龙存在和谁激发了科学家的发现是没有必然的联系的，是两条时间线，而不是一条线上的两个点


至于current的问题
假设是current就会有歧义


current （temperate areas）还是current and temperate areas？


currently的话就只能当做副词去修饰temperate


没有歧义

DUKB24

We use the past perfect (or the "double past") when we have two discrete events in the past; the older of the two events takes the past perfect.


In this particular sentence, we have to be very careful. "led" is a discrete event in the past, so an earlier related event would take the past perfect. However, "existed" isn't related to "led";


it's actually related to the "are now" at the end of the sentence. Since "are now" is the present, we use the simple past "existed" to show the relationship between those two actions.


quote：


more knowledge on past perfect：


note that the past perfect can be used, roughly speaking, in two different circumstances:


1) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past action (this is what you're thinking about);
OR


2) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past TIME MARKER.


for #2, the second time marker could be something explicitly mentioned in the sentence.


before the introduction of soft landing mats, high jumpers had been forced to use the western-roll style of jumping


--> note that there is no second verb, but "the introduction of soft landing mats" is a time marker.


however, if the context of the sentence clearly IMPLIES a second time marker, then that second time marker may not even have to be mentioned explicitly.

liujiawen104

We use the past perfect (or the "double past") when we have two discrete events in the past; the older of the two events takes the past perfect.


In this particular sentence, we have to be very careful. "led" is a discrete event in the past, so an earlier related event would take the past perfect. However, "existed" isn't related to "led";


it's actually related to the "are now" at the end of the sentence. Since "are now" is the present, we use the simple past "existed" to show the relationship between those two actions.


quote：


more knowledge on past perfect：


note that the past perfect can be used, roughly speaking, in two different circumstances:


1) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past action (this is what you're thinking about);
OR


2) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past TIME MARKER.


for #2, the second time marker could be something explicitly mentioned in the sentence.


before the introduction of soft landing mats, high jumpers had been forced to use the western-roll style of jumping


--> note that there is no second verb, but "the introduction of soft landing mats" is a time marker.


however, if the context of the sentence clearly IMPLIES a second time marker, then that second time marker may not even have to be mentioned explicitly.

-- by 会员 DUKB24 (2012/10/8 9:31:01)

多谢多谢哦！

waytous

We use the past perfect (or the "double past") when we have two discrete events in the past; the older of the two events takes the past perfect.


In this particular sentence, we have to be very careful. "led" is a discrete event in the past, so an earlier related event would take the past perfect. However, "existed" isn't related to "led";


it's actually related to the "are now" at the end of the sentence. Since "are now" is the present, we use the simple past "existed" to show the relationship between those two actions.


quote：


more knowledge on past perfect：


note that the past perfect can be used, roughly speaking, in two different circumstances:


1) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past action (this is what you're thinking about);
OR


2) for past actions that were ongoing until, or relevant to, a later past TIME MARKER.


for #2, the second time marker could be something explicitly mentioned in the sentence.


before the introduction of soft landing mats, high jumpers had been forced to use the western-roll style of jumping


--> note that there is no second verb, but "the introduction of soft landing mats" is a time marker.


however, if the context of the sentence clearly IMPLIES a second time marker, then that second time marker may not even have to be mentioned explicitly.

-- by 会员 DUKB24 (2012/10/8 9:31:01)

Hi版主，若问 -
楼主的问题是基于D选项的，D选项没有出现are now...的词汇，所以没有体现出exist是应该和当前对比而决定时态。D选项中，不能用had existed 和主句里led照应吗？
此外，楼主还有第二个问题，为什么一定要用currently，current不行？


谢版主，我跟楼主有同样问题，所以在此多啰嗦两句。多谢

waytous

谢了！有道理

kiwifoodtown

版主解释很详细。

dingdanghelene

版主&一起讨论的大家好呀~我还是有些模模糊糊的~

请问current （temperate areas），可以理解成冰盖存在于“现在的温带地区”current （temperate areas）——指一个地方，或者理解成冰盖存在于“现在的和温带地区”current and temperate areas——指两个不同的地方，俺这么理解对吗？

谢谢！

now的问题不是关键

还是那句老话，你得知道过去完成时和一般过去时是在同一条时间轴上面的，他们两者是在一条线上的两个不同点


这里led和existed是没有关系的，恐龙存在和谁激发了科学家的发现是没有必然的联系的，是两条时间线，而不是一条线上的两个点


至于current的问题
假设是current就会有歧义


current （temperate areas）还是current and temperate areas？


currently的话就只能当做副词去修饰temperate


没有歧义

-- by 会员 DUKB24 (2013/1/12 21:10:52)

小白出国

版主解释精辟。多谢。

小白出国

DUKB24 发表于 2013-1-12 21:10
now的问题不是关键还是那句老话，你得知道过去完成时和一般过去时是在同一条时间轴上面的，他们两者是在一 ...

楼主，我同意你的观点。但是： current （temperate areas）还是current and temperate areas 这个意思上不是模糊的。 current （temperate areas） 这个结构，adj adj n两个adj都是形容n的，因为adj不能形容adj。
而currently temperate n这个是 adv形容adj， adj 形容N。 因为adv不能形容名词，代词。这个我从manhatten看到的。这里我认为选B 因为逻辑含义应该是 （现在温度）的地区. 所以应该用后者。