OG 13 Dignostic Test V 49 求翻译

ranshuyang

Asan actress and, more importantly, as a teacher of acting, Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, who trained several generations of actors including Marlon Brando and Robert De Niro.

(A) Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, who trained several generations of actors including
(B) Stella Adler, one of the most influential artists in the American theater, trained several
generations of actors who include
(C) Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, training several generations of actors whose ranks included
(D) one of the most influential artists in the American theater was Stella Adler, who trained several generations of actors including
(E) one of the most influential artists in the American theater, Stella Adler, trained several
generations of actors whose ranks included

后面半句不明白，为什么是training several generations of actors whose ranks included Marlon Brando and Robert De Niro怎么解释和翻译呢？
为什么B不行？

wyw1018

B中include的时态

ranshuyang

恩，有道理。

cppiod

看到gmatclub上的解释，觉得有道理

As an actress and, more importantly, as a teacher of acting, Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, who trained several generations of actors including Marlon Brando and Robert de Niro.

A. Same as above
B. Stella Adler, one of the most influential artists in the American theater, trained several generations of actors who include
C. Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, training several generations of actors whose ranks included
D. one of the most influential artists in the American theater was Stella Adler, who trained several generations of actors including
E. one of the most influential artists in the American theater, Stella Adler, trained several generations of actors whose ranks included

Explanation:

A) INCORRECT - It has modifier error - ".....artists in the American theater, who trained several...", it looks like Theater trained the actors.
The modifying phrase beginning with "who" must modify a person.  "Who" is a reflexive pronoun, and the rule for using it is pretty simple...it has to modify the word that comes directly next to it.  Because it comes next to "theater", it's incorrect.

B) INCORRECT - B is incorrect for one of my favorite reasons - it's illogical.  The GMAT has evolved to include more of these logic/accuracy errors (instead of adding new grammatical categories as it adds difficulties), and your job here is to check to see if the sentence actually makes sense.
"actors who include" would indicate that the actors themselves have Marlon Brando and Robert DeNiro.  But the actors are Brando and DeNiro - they don't possess them.  
This kind of comes back to kvcpk's point - "who" is a reflexive pronoun and, when used as a modifier, has to modify the noun adjacent to it.  That means that the phrase "who include" has to directly modify "actors", and since the actors don't "include" Brando/DeNiro as an active verb, it's an illogical statement.

C) CORRECT - Choice C changes it by using the participial modifier "training" - those present-tense verb modifiers ("participial phrases", but you don't really need to know the terminology) can modify the entire clause beforehand and not just the direct word, so that's why that one is different.
For C, "whose ranks" may sound a bit awkward, but it's not a direct violation of any hard-and-fast rule.  The GMAT loves to do this - get you to eliminate based on "awkwardness" or "it changed the meaning a little bit", but your job is only grammatical/logical correctness.

D) INCORRECT - has passive voice and is wordy. Another error is modifier, Stella should be placed in the beginging of the sentence.

E) INCORRECT - This has no verb. If you notice there is a COMMA after Stella, which makes this sentence a fragment - "Stella Adler, trained several generations of actors whose ranks included "

cdbgin009

马克一下

张迪清

cppiod 发表于 2013-4-4 13:17
看到gmatclub上的解释，觉得有道理

As an actress and, more importantly, as a teacher of acting, Stell ...

Mark一下！