OG 200

mmfoolish

刚刚被7楼说服，但是看了10的贴又开始昏了。望NN解答！

amy7777

200. Certain pesticides can become ineffective if used repeatedly in the same place: one reason is suggested by the finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals.

(A) Certain pesticides can become ineffective if used repeatedly in the same place; one reason is suggested by the finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals.

(B) If used repeatedly in the same place, one reason that certain pesticides can become ineffective is suggested by the finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals.

(C) If used repeatedly in the same place, one reason certain pesticides can become ineffective is suggested by the finding that much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes are found in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than those that are free of such chemicals.

(D) The finding that there are much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in soils that are free of such chemicals is suggestive of one reason, if used repeatedly in the same place, certain pesticides can become ineffective.

(E) The finding of much larger populations of pesticide-degrading microbes in soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use than in those that are free of such chemicals suggests one reason certain pesticides can become ineffective if used repeatedly in the same place.

Choice A, the best answer, is the only one that manages syntactic control of the sentence. The sentence consists of two independent clauses, beginning Certain pesticides ... and one reason, which are connected by a semicolon. Dangling or misplaced modifiers plague choices B, C, and D: in each case, the phrase if used repeatedly in the same place illogically modifies one reason rather than certain pesticides. In choice E, The finding of much larger populations .. . than in those that is an improperly constructed comparison.

7楼的意见

你举的这个例子非常好。

我认为，不能用those来指代soils，因为those 是指代那个特定的soils，即soils with a relatively long history of pesticide use 。。。。这样就会有问题了。只能用soils。
            

如果把你给出的句子中的those改成soils，我想，应该是可以替代A选项的。

10楼的意见

偶想商榷商榷。我觉得that, those和it不同，这个特定指代的作用不是那么强烈。比如：

8. Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimate the amount of energy used by equipment. such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that used by unobtrusive equipment, such as water heaters.
                

(A)
                    equipment, such as lights, that are visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate that

(B) equipment, such as lights, that are visible and
                    must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
                

(C) equipment, such as lights, that is visible and must be turned on and off and underestimate it when
                

(D) visible equipment, such as lights, that must be
                    turned on and off and underestimate that

(E) visible equipment, such as lights, that must be
                    turned on and off and underestimate it when
                

这里正确答案D里最后一个that, 替代的就是energy,但是你不能说这个energy已经被lights用过了，不能再被water heater用了吧?

再比如：

112. Domestic automobile manufacturers have invested millions of dollars into research to develop cars more gasoline-efficient even than presently on the road.
                

(A) into research to develop cars more gasoline-efficient even than presently on the road
                

(B) into research for developing even more gasoline-efficient cars on the road than at present
                

(C)
                    for research for cars to be developed that are more gasoline-efficient even than presently the road

(D) in research to develop cars even more gasoline-efficient than those at present on the road

(E) in research for developing cars that are even
                    more gasoline-efficient than presently on the
                    road
                

正确答案D里的those指的是cars,但是他们明显就是两种car,前面的是还没有造出来的，后面的是已经在路上的。

所以我认为，those的特定指代性不是那么强，而lifelover妹妹说的把soils换成those是可以的。望指教！多谢！

如果不看这个讨论贴我根本都没有注意到这个知识点的不同。五个选顶中有三种说法。

比较选项中有than in soils ，than those,  than in those,

可不可以用those 替换soils，如果能替代，那么是than in those  还是 than those 呢？？我看了上面的贴子觉得都有道理。请大家指点？？

行缘

单就这一点来讲，我认为10楼是对的，但此题不应用those代替，因为前面的名词太多，有歧义。

下面是我摘自网友的发言，并加入了我的看法，仅供参考：

指代同一东西最好用it/them,

it/them是特指的情况，即严格的就是某个具体的事物/人，如: the poor/og中关于东西部地震的体。

that/those则1)限定条件下使用,如 those who, those of, 2)泛指前面提到的事物，典型的是出现在比较句中，如: OG51-not like that of RR, OG-149, faster than those outside pinelands; that指前面的courage,可以是JR的courage也可以是RP的courage; those指前面的valuse,可以是pinelands的value也可以是outside pineland的value.