OG 212

lcy19812000

OG11中ETS没有说with短语有歧异的问题。

zijing4546

我觉得用with的话，with 后面的部分就不是在修饰policy 了

lcy19812000

以下是引用zijing4546在2009-1-27 9:33:00的发言：
我觉得用with的话，with 后面的部分就不是在修饰policy 了

那你觉得修饰的是什么呢？

这题with前面可没有逗号哟！

zijing4546

回复楼上，就近修饰这个原则，我觉得只适用于过去分词和现在分词，即如你所说，n+Ving （或者n+Ved), 与 n,+Ving (或者n,+Ved) 所修饰的的对象是不一样的：前者修饰n， 后者修饰其逻辑主语。但是with这样的介词，不能应用这个原则，需要根据逻辑语义判断它的修饰对象的。

with 是可以修饰动词的，表示“以一种什么样的方式”举一个例子：He made us laugh with his jokes。with也可以修饰名词，表示“拥有”举一个例子, a man with moustache. 回来看这道题，把E代回原文大概就是：Company has followed a policy with the aim to ....

你觉得with是修饰aim好？还是修饰has followed好？ 不是很清楚的。E的表达不够清晰。

E中的with 还有一点不好：将aim名词化了，造成了不简洁，OG10版78题可以说明这个问题：

78. The root systems of most flowering perennials either become too crowded, which results in loss in vigor, and spread too far outward, producing a bare center.

(A)  which results in loss in vigor, and spread

(B)  resulting in loss in vigor, or spreading
(C) with the result of loss of vigor, or spreading
(D)  resulting in loss of vigor, or spread
(E)  with a resulting loss of vigor, and spread

Choice C is flawed by the nonparallel verb spreading and the wordy phrase that begins with the result of.  （明明可以用resulting表达，却用了with the result of）

同样的例子见OG 10版 102

102. Except for a concert performance that the composer himself staged in 1911, Scott
Joplin's ragtime opera Treemonisha was not produced until 1972, sixty-one years after its completion.

(A)  Except for a concert performance that the composer himself staged

(B)   Except for a concert performance with the composer himself staging it

(C)   Besides a concert performance being staged by the composer himself

(D)  Excepting a concert performance that the composer himself staged

(E)   With the exception of a concert performance with the staging done by the composer himself

Except for要比with the exception of简洁

OG10版230

230. In reference to the current hostility toward smoking. smokers frequently expressed anxiety that their prospects for being hired and promoted are being stunted by their habit.

(A)  In reference to the current hostility toward smoking, smokers frequently expressed anxiety that
(B)  Referring to the current hostility toward smoking, smokers frequently expressed anxiety about
(C) When referring to the current hostility toward smoking, smokers frequently express anxiety about
(D)  With reference to the current hostility toward smoking, smokers frequently expressed anxiety about
(E)  Referring to the current hostility toward smoking, smokers frequently express anxiety that

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-1-28 0:04:36编辑过]

lcy19812000

恩，你说的可能的歧异问题我基本同意。

我跟你想法有一点点出入的地方是with前面没有逗号，是不是应该优先指代就近的名词？还是像你说的对作定语或作状语的情况一视同仁，只要两种情况都可能说得通，我们就判定它歧异。

关于这个问题好像OG只有这一道题涉及到，而第10版解释说有歧异，11版没提这个问题了，所以我也迷茫当中。

lcy19812000

今天又找到一个证明你观点正确的例子：

OG11－111：A baby emerges from the darkness of the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision that would be rated about 20/500; an adult with such vision would be deemed legally blind.

with修饰主语中心语baby。

zijing4546你是对的，谢谢你！

Mayanist

OG11中说E中with the aim to do is NOT a correct idiom. The correct expression should be with the aim of doing ... 
 

是不是下面两种说法都可以？

The Baldrick
Manufacturing Company has for several years followed a policy aimed at
decreasing operating costs and improving the efficiency of its distribution
system.

aimed at ... 修饰policy

 

The Baldrick
Manufacturing Company has for several years followed a policy, aimimg at
decreasing operating costs and improving the efficiency of its distribution
system.

aiming at ... 补充说明这个公司依从这个政策的目的

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-1-29 0:16:19编辑过]

Mayanist

感觉with 修饰 policy 不通，将with结构理解为某个动作目的状语更舒服： do sth with the aim of  

Mayanist

好奇地问: OG192的正确答案不是C吗？与with的讨论有什么关系？

lcy19812000

分词就近修饰，即本题aim的分词形式只能修饰policy，但是policy本身不是动作的发出者，人才是，所以用aimed表被动。

根据以上逻辑，aiming不行。

讨论with，是要弄清with的用法。