感觉result的用法有时很诡异，一会儿作名词，一会儿做动词。一会儿表原因，一会儿表结果。在这里把涉及result的题目和知识点总结一下，大家多多补充，拍拍砖。
1、Result 作名词。
(1)result普通名词用法。意为“结果”“效果”“后果”“比赛的结果”“(考试)成绩”等。
e.g.: The result of the examination was quite unexpected.
注意：在表目的时，the result of、because of没有to do表目的有效。
101. (29937-!-item-!-188;#058&004052)
Many environmentalists, and some economists, say that free trade encourages industry to relocate to countries with ineffective or poorly enforced antipollution laws, mostly in the developing world, and that, in order to maintain competitiveness, rich nations have joined this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution.
(A) that, in order to maintain competitiveness, rich nations have joined this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution
(B) that, for maintaining competitiveness, rich nations join in this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution
(C) that rich nations join this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution because of wanting to maintain competitiveness
(D) that in rich nations, joining this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution is a result of wanting to maintain competition
(E) that wanting to maintain competition is making rich nations join in this downward slide toward an attitude about pollution that is more lax
4) 简洁有效，in order to do 等于不定式 to do，是表达目的的最好方式，常见一些错误的表达方式，如 because of doing sth, a result of doing sth。
(2)As a result 整体作副词修饰句子，意为“因此，结果”，用法同“therefore、thereby”。
OG12-Q51
A new study suggests that the conversational pace of everyday life may be so brisk it hampers the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words and, the result is, to make sense of speech.
A.it hampers the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words and, the result is, to make
B.that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words and, as a result, to make
C.that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words and, the result of this, they are unable to make
D.that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words, and results in not making
E.as to hamper the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words, resulting in being unable to make
OA: B
71.Unlike the original National Museum of Science andTechnology in Italy, where the models are encased inglass or operated only by staff members, the VirtualLeonardo Project, an online version of the museum,encourages visitors to "touch" each exhibit, whichthereby activates the animated functions of the piece.
(A)exhibit, which thereby activates
(B)exhibit, in turn an activation of
(C)exhibit, and it will activate
(D)exhibit and thereby activate
(E)exhibit which, as a result, activates
OA: D (E选项错误是因为which指代exhibit，逻辑上应指代an online version of the museum。)
233.(33037-!-item-!-188;#058&007225)(GWD-9-Q19)
In many nations, criminal law does not apply to corporations, but in the United States
today, a corporation commits a crime whenever one of its employees commits a crime, if the employee acted within the scope of his or her authority and if the corporation benefited as a result.
(3)as a result of sth.（*区别as a result）意为“因为”“由于”“……的结果”，用来作状语。后面一般接名词，不接动名词。此处用法与“because of”相同。
e.g.: As a result of warning, nobody was hurt.
e.g.: He is unable to go to work as a result of the fall off the horse.
12. (25117-!-item-!-188;#058&001707)
In contrast to ongoing trade imbalances with China and Japan, the United States trade deficit with Mexico declined by $500 million as a result of record exports to that country.
(A) In contrast to ongoing trade imbalances with China and Japan, the United States trade deficit with Mexico declined by $500 million as a result of record exports to that country.
(B) In contrast to ongoing trade imbalances with China and Japan, the United States sold record exports to Mexico, reducing its trade deficit by $500 million.
(C) When compared with ongoing trade imbalances with China and Japan, the United States sold record exports to Mexico, reducing their trade deficit by $500 million.
(D) Compared with ongoing trade imbalances with China and Japan, the United States sold record exports to Mexico, reducing the trade deficit by $500 million.
(E) Compared to ongoing trade imbalances with China and Japan, the United States record exports to Mexico caused a $500 million decline in the trade deficit with that country.
OA: A
40. (26555-!-item-!-188;#058&002661)
With an awareness that there are connotations associated with the numbers 1 and 2 and the letters A and B, companies conducting consumer taste tests of foods or beverages typically choose numbers such as 697 or 483 to label the products.
(A) With an awareness that there are connotations associated with the numbers 1 and 2 and the letters A and B
(B) Because the numbers 1 and 2 and the letters A and B have connotations they are aware of
(C) Because of an awareness of the numbers 1 and 2 and the letters A and B having connotations
(D) Aware of the connotations of the numbers 1 and 2 and the letters A and B
(E) Since the numbers 1 and 2 and the letters A and B have connotations associated with them and they are aware of it
考点:简洁有效（Rhetorical Construction）、指代一致（Agreement）
1) 介词短语 n account of, because of, despite (in despite of), as a result of之后只跟简单的名词短语。若其后面跟的是动名词或名词所有格+动名词短语(sb’s doing),或名词短语之后用一复杂的现在分词来修饰时,应改为与其相同意义的连词because, although等引导的从句形式。
(B) they指代不清,既可以向前指代numbers, letters又可以向后指代companies
(C) Because of + n + having…表现复杂, 应该改为Because从句
(D)正确, aware of置于句首修饰companies,句子结构简单,意思清晰
(E) have connotations associated with them表达复杂;they指代不清,it无指代
句子结构: Aware of the connotations of the numbers…and the letters…, companies… typically choose…
Prep07-Q42
42. (26647-!-item-!-188;#058&002738)
As a result of a supernova explosion, every human being on Earth was bombarded on February 23, 1987, by about 100 billion neutrinos; fortunately, neutrinos are harmless elementary particles that are produced in nuclear reactions and that interact very weakly with matter.
78. (28735-!-item-!-188;#058&003712)
The cottontail rabbit population in Orange County, California, has increased unchecked in recent years as a result of the removal of the native fox population and the clearing of surrounding woodlands.
(A) years as a result of the removal of
(B) years as a result of removing
(C) years, resulting from the removing of
(D) years, which is a result of removing
(E) years, which is a result of the removal of
1)介词短语n account of, because of, despite (in despite of), as a result of之后只跟简单的名词短语。若其后面跟的是动名词或名词所有格+动名词短语(sb’s doing),或名词短语之后用一复杂的现在分词来修饰时,应改为与其相同意义的连词because, although等引导的从句形式。
2)动词有自己的名词形式时,就不要用the +动词ing形式来表达其名词形式
(A)正确, as a result后面接名词的并列结构,表达正确,简洁
(B) as a result of后面加动名词不好,且根据未划线部分and the clearing判断出as a result of后面应该是名词
(C) removal是remove的名词形式,因此不用the removing表达remove的名词形式
(D) which不能指代句子,在这里没有指代; removing应该改为the removal
句子结构: The…population has increased… as a result of the removal of… and the clearing of…
99. (29845-!-item-!-188;#058&004015)
A study of food resources in the North Pacific between 1989 and 1996 revealed that creatures of the seabed were suffering from dwindling food supplies, possibly resulting from increasing sea surface temperatures during the same period.
(A) that creatures of the seabed were suffering from dwindling food supplies, possibly resulting from increasing
(B) that creatures of the seabed were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, possibly as a result of an increase in
(C) that creatures of the seabed were suffering because of food supplies, which were dwindling possibly as a result of increasing
(D) creatures of the seabed that were suffering from food supplies that were dwindling, possibly resulting from an increase in
(E) creatures of the seabed that were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, which possibly resulted from increasing
考点:逻辑表达（Logical Predication）简洁有效（Rhetorical Construction）
1)动词的现在分词作形容词,一般含有正在进行的意思
(A) sb. suffer from B, 表示sb.遭受了B, B表示的是遭受的结果, 因此使用dwindling不好, 现在分词一般表示过程,应该使用名词或过去分词表示结果;同样increasing也不好, result from后面接事实, 表示原因, 应该用increased或者an increase来代替increasing
(C) because of food supplies强调的是food supplies,而从逻辑上应该强调dwindle; increasing不好,应该用increased或者an increase来表示结果
(D) revealed creature of the seabed强调的是名词creature of the seabed,不能准确的表达revealed的完整意思
(E)除了D中的错误外, which不能指代整个句子,使用错;increasing使用错误
句子结构: A study… revealed that creatures… were suffering because…
(4)With the result that , that 的后面接结果。
e.g.: I was late, with the result that I missed my train.
e.g.: Sara wasn't at school last week, with the result that she missed an important test.(from Longman)
Prep08-Q193
As the honeybee’s stinger is heavily barbed, staying where it is inserted, this results in the act of stinging causing the bee to sustain a fatal injury.
A.As the honeybee’s stinger is heavily barbed, staying where it is inserted, this results in the act of stinging causing
B.As the heavily barbed stinger of the honeybee stays where it is inserted, with the result that the act of stinging causes
C.The honeybee’s stinger, heavily barbed and staying where it is inserted, results in the fact that the act of stinging causes
D.The heavily barbed stinger of the honeybee stays where it is inserted, and results in the act of stinging causing(E)
E.The honeybee’s stinger is heavily barbed and stays where it is inserted, with the result that the act of stinging causes
题目释义：The honeybee’s stinger is…barbed and stays…, with the result that…
考点：逻辑表达，指代一致
1. this ,that ,those 在表示指代时，通常需要补充名词，且不可指代前面整个句子的意思；
2. 句子逻辑重心要合理。C和E的不同之处在于C的主干是Stinger...results in the fact that ... E的主干是Stinger is heavily barbed and stays where it is 这整一个特征事实with the result that ... 关键在于是“蜇刺”导致了后面的结果，还是“蜇刺”的这些特点（heavily barbed, stay where it is）导致了后文的结果。很显然，E更合理。
3. with the result that
Sara wasn't at school last week, with the result that she missed an important test.
à前面半句说的整个事实导致了后面缺考的结果。
4. result in: to make something happen ...
an accident that resulted in the death of two passengers
选项分析：(A)this不能指代前面这个句子的意思；result in +n.后面结构复杂，且无法表达出result的整体内容，awkward，不如直接result + that从句；分词引导的状语staying where it is inserted在句子中间，导致dangling modification，既可以向前修饰as引导的从句也可以向后修饰this引导的主句；
(B)句子结构不完整，没有主句；as引导的原因状语从句中因为heavily barbed是stays where it is inserted的原因，连词and可以表达暗含的因果，所以两个特征应该并列并以and连接最为合理。
(C)原题的意思是蜜蜂的刺倒勾并留在扎入的地方，这件事导致了后面的结果，这里的意思是蜜蜂刺本身导致了后面的事，逻辑不合理；staying where it is inserted做非限定性修饰，暗示了stinger无时无刻都是staying并insert的，很荒谬；results in the fact that the act of，wordy。
(D)The heavily barbed stinger of the honeybee results in逻辑意义错误，同C，result应该用伴随状语来表示结果(可以用with the result that或现在分词引导的resulting that做伴随状语)。
(E)Correct；重心明确，且with the result that的意思是“结果是，因此，从而”，如果是resulting that也可以。
2、Result 作动词。
(1)result in sth.意为“发生”“产生”，与介词in连用，意为“导致”“引起(某种结果)”“使……获得某种结果”。in 后面是结果。
phrasal verb
to make something happen [= cause]:
e.g.: an accident that resulted in the death of two passengers.(From longman)
e.g.: The accident resulted in three deaths.
Prep08-Q160
160. Once designed with its weight concentrated in a metal center, the discus used in track competition is now lined with lead around the perimeter, thereby improving stability in flight and resulting in longer throws.
83. (29013-!-item-!-188;#058&003802)
Stock levels for domestic crude oil are far lower than in past years, leaving domestic oil prices vulnerable to any hints of oil supplies being disrupted in the Middle East or to any unexpected consumer demand growth possibly prompted by colder-than-normal temperatures.
(A) leaving domestic oil prices vulnerable to any hints of oil supplies being disrupted in the Middle East or to any unexpected consumer demand growth possibly
(B) leaving domestic oil prices vulnerable to any hints of oil supply disruptions in the Middle East or any unexpected growth in consumer demand that might be
(C) leaving domestic oil prices vulnerable to any hints of oil supplies that are disrupted in the Middle East or to any unexpected growth in consumer demand as was possibly
(D) resulting in the fact that domestic oil prices are vulnerable to any hints of oil supplies being disrupted in the Middle East or to any unexpected consumer demand growth possibly
(E) resulting in the fact of domestic oil prices that are vulnerable to any hints of oil supply disruptions in the Middle East or to any unexpected growth in consumer demand that might be
OA:B。（leaving伴随结果做状语修饰主语,结构简洁; that从句修饰consumer demand符合语法要求。leaving和resulting in the fact that表达都正确,但是前者比后者简洁。）
(2)result from意为“由……造成”“因……产生”，from后是产生的原因。
e.g.: We are still dealing with problems resulting from errors made in the past.
80. (28875-!-item-!-188;#058&0037
Changes in sea level are not only a result of changes in water temperature, affecting water density, but of melting glaciers as well.
(A) are not only a result of changes in water temperature, affecting water density, but of melting glaciers as well
(B) not only result from changes in water temperature, which affect water density, but also when glaciers melt
(C) are a result not only of changes in water temperature, which affect water density, but also the melting glaciers
(D) result not only from changes in water temperature, which affect water density, but also from the melting of glaciers
(E) result from not only changes in water temperature, affecting water density, but as well as when glaciers melt
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发表于 2012-5-10 12:50:16
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发表于 2012-5-11 08:52:07
