大家讨论得精彩啊~~~
这题我个人觉得,关注OG前面那一段,这题就是考verb tense. 原句表达的意思,是转折,"although". 这个句子类似(不是太完美的句子,偶随口编的权且抛砖):
Although thousands of American blacks had suffered from injustice in the mid 20th century, it was not until 1963 that they formally began fighting for their liberty under the leadership of Martin Lurther King, Jr.
这题只要你掌握了:
1. verb tense: should be simple past
2. Not until ... that
就搞定了。考的就是理解了句子意思之后,怎么把逻辑关系(主要是事件在时间轴上的定位)用语言表达出来。
这样就直接选定E了....
btw: 我个人觉得,OG的解释第一段比后面选项分析部分精华很多倍!
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这题我个人觉得还有个地方值得注意:
"begin doing sth" VS "begin to do sth"大家不妨回忆一下中学学的,"stop doing sth" VS "stop to do sth",比如
stop smoking
stop to smoke
读一下,体会一下smoking和to smoke在意思上是怎么体现出区别的?
那这里换成begin。我来举个例子吧,假设这是数学课堂——
Teacher:
(1) Today we are going to learn permutation and combination.
(2) Ready? Let's go.
(3) First, let's look at a simple problem: How many different outcomes there are to pick one cheerleader from our class?
....
以上(1)-(3)的编号仅仅是为了我接下来表述方便哈。
那我们可以说:
Let's begin
studying permutation and combination.
Let's begin
to look at a simple problem.
From (1), our ultimate goal (for today's class, which is defined as topic scope) is to "study permutation and combination".
Therefore, we say we begin STUDYING permutation and combination.
From (2) and (3), we
jump start toward our goal, which is to "study permutation and combination".
We start with a simple problem -
this is what we are going to do!
Therefore, we say we
beginTO LOOK at a simple problem.
More on this concept, please check out Ron's lecture on Feb. 16, 2012
http://www.manhattangmat.com/thursdays-with-ron.cfm那么根据以上,这里肯定要用begin studying,不能用begin to study
所以在我看来
"C选项,og 的解释是The sequence of infinitives (to begin seriously
to study) is awkward and wordy."
这里根本不能用to study。
“
我自己一直的理解是两个不定式GMAC是不喜欢同时连用的”
This is just a priority,
not a hard-set rule. (You can find a bunch of exceptions, some of these discussed in my diary. )
The ultimate goal, in GMAT SC, is to express correctly and effectively. This is merely a general guideline for
stylish considerations.
The most serious problem is, as I mentioned above, you cannot use infinitive "to study" in this case. This is a
logical/meaning issue.
D选项,og的解释是:Not almost until is a nonsensical sequence of
modifiers.这是对的,我觉得这是native speakers比咱具有的优势,they can hear the awkwardness.
所以我想GMAT在逐步取消这一类的题目,而强调逻辑思维导向,就是这个原因,因为他们主张公平。
btw. 我自己是觉得"not until almost 1900"顺口,为什么呢我也说不出来。多读英语就有感觉了。但是again, GMAT更注重逻辑。
假如我不知道"not until"的用法,我通过逻辑上,找到了两个split,一个是simple past,另一个是began studying,那我也能选到正确答案E。
“
E选项,特别不情愿选E选项,我记得Manhattan上说过GMAT不喜欢强调句…”
握爪握爪,我也觉得强调句很不爽。正规学术英语很少用这个句型。只是说,"It was not until X that ..."这句型在英语里很常见罢了。
毕竟这句子没进入OG13哈,可以自行揣度GMAC的导向。
C还有另一个问题哦:
(C) not until almost 1900 were scholars and critics to begin seriously to study
把倒装还原成正常语序吧,就能看出来了:
In 1990, Scholars and critics were to begin to study ....
(以上为了简化,把adverb都去掉, "almost 1990"就假设是1990哈)
这句话逻辑上有问题哦,发现了吗?
如果我今天(April 21, 2012)说:
I am to apply to MBA.
相当于: I will apply to MBA (some time in the near future). 但问题是,谁也不知道我到底什么时候apply. 我并没有说。
仅仅是在今天(April 21, 2012)我告诉你们我对于未来的plan.
那咱回头看原句:
In 1990, Scholars and critics were to begin to study ....
这句子并没有说when did they begin to study!而原句的意思是(忽略almost):In 1990, they began to study ....
所以,就算是咱能接受C那样的倒装,那也该写成这样:
Not until almost 1990
did scholars and critics
begin ...
至于"begin to study"的问题,先前讨论了。
3. Although various eighteenth- and nineteenth-century American poets had professed an interest in Native American poetry andhad pretended to imitate Native American forms in their own works, until almost 1900, scholars and critics did not begin seriously to study traditional Native American poetry in native languages.
(A) until almost 1900, scholars and critics did not begin seriously to study
(B) until almost 1900 scholars and critics had not begun seriously studying
(C) not until almost 1900 were scholars and critics to begin seriously to study
(D) it was not almost until 1900 when scholars and critics began to seriously study
(E) it was not until almost 1900 that scholars and critics seriously began studying
CD上关于这道题的所有解释都查了,没有定论,Manhattan之类的国外网站也查了,没有权威人士解答(现在开国外网站特别慢!!各种刷新!!要不要这要啊!!%>_<%)百家争鸣,特别疑惑…
A 选项的错误理解了,until almost 1900所处的位置既可以修饰前面的动词也可以修饰后面的。
C选项,og 的解释是The sequence of infinitives (to begin seriously
to study) is awkward and wordy.
我自己一直的理解是两个不定式GMAC是不喜欢同时连用的,可是查帖时,有CDer解释说不定式之间不可以加入其他元素,也就是这里的问题是出在中间加了seriously,表困惑,求NN解答。Q1
D选项,og的解释是:Not almost until is a nonsensical sequence of
modifiers.
现有两种解释版本:not until 不可以分来,即almost的插入有问题;not 既可以修饰前也可以修饰后。
E选项,特别不情愿选E选项,我记得Manhattan上说过GMAT不喜欢强调句…
如果C选项的错误都改正,是不是用倒装更好点???Q3
共3个问题,呼唤baby姐姐,superbat,各种NN,各位CDers!!!!!极度困惑!!!!
-- by 会员 ainiAnnie (2012/4/21 17:02:02)
-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/4/22 10:08:02)