【某饭紧急求救】“，V-ing”结构是不是肯定不能做定语修饰“，”紧前名词？

泾渭不凡

aeoluseros

遍历已出现过的官方题目。只有在前面是主系表结构的时候才可以，"，V-ing”结构才能做定语修饰修饰前面的名词。

泾渭不凡

遍历已出现过的官方题目。只有在前面是主系表结构的时候才可以，"，V-ing”结构才能做定语修饰修饰前面的名词。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/21 0:23:34)

就是说其实是可以的，但是要在主系表结构下才不会那么歧义~~~
记住咯记住咯~~谢谢斑斑~~

aeoluseros

遍历已出现过的官方题目。只有在前面是主系表结构的时候才可以，"，V-ing”结构才能做定语修饰修饰前面的名词。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/21 0:23:34)

就是说其实是可以的，但是要在主系表结构下才不会那么歧义~~~
记住咯记住咯~~谢谢斑斑~~

-- by 会员 泾渭不凡 (2012/4/21 0:32:58)

饭饭可以参考语法笔记里的这一条：
如果前面是主系表结构（逗号隔开），由于系动词是一个状态不存在“被伴随”，但是V-ing结构依然修饰的是整个主系表结构，所以后面的V-ing结构也可以被解读为修饰前面的名词成分—主语（如果宾语是名词，也一同修饰，因为主系表结构中主语和宾语所指是同一事物--见OG10-39, OG11-24中对正确选项C的解释）。

泾渭不凡

遍历已出现过的官方题目。只有在前面是主系表结构的时候才可以，"，V-ing”结构才能做定语修饰修饰前面的名词。-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/21 0:23:34)

就是说其实是可以的，但是要在主系表结构下才不会那么歧义~~~
记住咯记住咯~~谢谢斑斑~~-- by 会员 泾渭不凡 (2012/4/21 0:32:58)

饭饭可以参考语法笔记里的这一条：
如果前面是主系表结构（逗号隔开），由于系动词是一个状态不存在“被伴随”，但是V-ing结构依然修饰的是整个主系表结构，所以后面的V-ing结构也可以被解读为修饰前面的名词成分—主语（如果宾语是名词，也一同修饰，因为主系表结构中主语和宾语所指是同一事物--见OG10-39, OG11-24中对正确选项C的解释）。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/21 0:44:55)

1.V-ing(present participle)修饰：

V-ing结构在句子中可以做定语，状语。

1)放在句子末尾时，如果前面是主谓宾结构，如果同时时态上与主句搭配合理，V-ing结构作状语，作为：

伴随动作，表与主句动词同时发生的动作

伴随结果，表主句动作带来的结果。

此时注意其逻辑主语的判断：其所修饰分句的动作发出者。

2)如果前面是主系表结构，由于系动词是一个状态不存在“被伴随”，但是V-ing结构依然修饰的是整个主系表结构，所以后面的V-ing结构也可以被解读为修饰前面的名词成分—主语（如果宾语是名词，也一同修饰，因为主系表结构中主语和宾语所指是同一事物--见OG10-39, OG11-24中对正确选项C的解释）。

例：OG10-39For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment, a method to protect warriors against enemy arrows and spears.

A.a method to protect

B.as a method protecting

C.protecting

D.as a protection of

E.to protect

OG10-39的解释（注意C选项的解释）：

Choice C is best because the participle protecting begins a phrase that explains what the shields did. Choices A and B awkwardly use the singular word method to refer to items of military equipment rather than to the use of such items. Also, a method of protecting would be more idiomatic than a method to protect in A or a method protecting in B. In B and D, as is incorrect; also, a protection in D has no noun for which it can logically substitute. Choice E is incomplete; used to protect would have been acceptable.

OG11-24的解释（注意C和E选项的解释）

Logical predication + rhetorical construction

The underlined part of the sentence begins a phrase describing items of military equipment. It is awkward and inaccurate to describe items as a method. Replacing the underlined phrase with the participle protecting creates a modifying phrase that clearly explains the purpose of the items of military equipment.

AA method to protect is an awkward reference to items

BThe singular a method should not refer to the plural items, as a method protecting is not idiomatic

CCorrect. In this sentence, protecting properly introduces a modifying phrase revealing the purpose of the items.

DBeginning the phrase with as is incorrect; using the noun form protection creates wordiness

EThe infinitive to protect cannot act as an adjective modifying items; the participial form of the verb, protecting, is required

The correct answer is C.

3)现在分词在句尾用逗号隔开，必须要注意的一点是这个结构从来都没有失去过“做定语”的功能，只是优先做状语而已，即优先修饰到前面主句的主语和谓语。如下题如果前面主句的谓语是完成时态，那么既然已经完成了，drawing就无法再做其的伴随，所以只剩下做定语的功能。

例：OG12-21

Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.

(A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are

(B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are

(C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are

(D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,

(E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,

答案是A。OG对D项的解释: The final descriptor in present tense,now drawing conclusions....does not fit the opening clause, which is in present-prefect tense(have amassed a wealth)and seems to midify adulthood.