关于插入语与动词形式 OG 56

vedder

以下是引用携隐在2004-9-17 22:56:00的发言：

1. 同位结构起修饰语的作用,一般用于修饰名词或名词短语(如本题,修饰The Maya)


2. 同位机构必须对其修饰对象具有解释力(解释Maya是什么人)


3. 同位结构的位置:名词前或名词后,一般在修饰对象的后面(在句首例外,如本题)


4. 同位结构不影响主谓一致(就是你说的问题,谓语应该和主语The Maya保持一致,而不是和同位语)


5. 同位结构中名词的数可以和其修饰对象的数不一致


6. 同位结构的形式:

• 名词性同位语:名词解释名词,如本题


• 内容具体化同位结构:抽象名词(theory/evidence/belief/principle)+that从句,that从句对抽象名词进行具体化解释(注意与of结构的区别)


• 概括性同位语:用一个概括性的名词去概括前面的修饰对象:短语/句子,a program/information/an effort/啊practice that...


• 名词重复性同位结构:n,n(重复所修饰的名词)+that定语从句


• 代词代替性同位结构:n,one/ones+that定语从句

总结的真好

风过疏竹

以下是引用jollypie在2004-9-19 15:12:00的发言：

补充几个例句：

• 名词性同位语:名词解释名词,如 本题
  
• 概括性同位语:用一个概括性的名词去概括前面的修饰对象:短语/句子,a program/information/an effort/啊practice that... 如 OG 38
  
• 名词重复性同位结构:n,n(重复所修饰的名词)+that定语从句 如 OG 189
  
• 代词代替性同位结构:n,one/ones+that定语从句 如 OG 9

OG9的那个that应该是反面教材吧？that不是应该省略吗？

9. Astronomers at the Palomar Observatory have discovered a distant supernova explosion, one that they believe is a type previously unknown to science.

(A)          that they believe is

(B)          that they believe it to be

(C)          they believe that it is of

(D)          they believe that is

(E)          they believe to be of

Choice E is best. The pronoun that in A and B should be deleted, since the pronoun one is sufficient to introduce the modifier and the sentence is more fluid without that. In B and C, it and that it are intrusive and ungrammatical: the idiom is "believe x to be y." In the context of this sentence, the infini­tive to be is more appropriate than the limited present-tense is in referring to an event that occurred long ago but has been discovered only recently. Finally, A, B, and D lack of and so illogically equate this particular explosion with the whole class of explosions to which it belongs: it is not a type but possibly one of a type.

另外OG38，我没有找到能很好证明概括性同位语的地方？

wild

OG 38

Scientists have observed large concentrations of

heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty centimeters of

sediments from the Baltic Sea, findings consistent with the growth of industrial activity in the area.

The words in green are appositive.

chenshw

以下是引用wild在2006-3-14 3:34:00的发言：

OG 38

Scientists have observed large concentrations of

heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty centimeters of

sediments from the Baltic Sea, findings consistent with the growth of industrial activity in the area.

The words in green are appositive.

sediments from the Baltic Sea, findings consistent with the growth of industrial activity in the area.

The words in green are appositive.

不对吧，finding怎会是同位语？修饰谁？

autumn713

前面那一整句科學家發現的結果

我會把它當成是同位語

請大家指教

ana9

总结的真好~ great!!