prep08-part1-203(T-4-Q29)：针对于“because of/due to 无法表示直接原因”求解

泾渭不凡

203.(T-4-Q29)In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls.

A.due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing

B.due to moisture that tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallize

C.because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize

D.because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize(E)

E.because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing

选项分析：A.due to moisture无法表达closed for cleaning and repair的直接原因；用which引导非限定性定从不能表达出该有的意思；such…so that固定习语使用错误；its无所指代。

B.due to moisture无法表达closed for cleaning and repair的直接原因。thereby raising用法awkward；its无所指；such that + would(情态动词)是表达目的，逻辑含义错误；stone would crystallize和fungus was growing on the walls不平行。

C.tourists were exhaling moisture无法表达closed for cleaning and repair的直接原因；Which在GMAT里面不可以指代前面整个分句（至今没有一道官方题目有which指代前面整句）；Such that + would(情态动词)是表达目的，逻辑含义错误；them指代了tourists错误；stone would crystallize和fungus was growing on the walls不平行。

D.because of moisture无法表达closed for cleaning and repair的直接原因；so … as to make使得与后面的fungus was growing on the walls不平行； that was exhaled没有必要补出that was，累赘。

E.Correct.humidity within them...tourists身体里面不可能包含有humidity，而且by tourists在从句的介宾短语里，是不会被指代的，所以them不会指代混乱。



这个题虽然每次做都会做对，通过其他点能选出正确答案，也知道原因状语从句一般优于介词短语，也知道饭饭以下这个问题不是主要考点，但是弄不懂真的心理不舒服啊。。。。
诚心求问：四个粉粉的部分，为什么不能表达直接原因？谢谢呦~C比较好理解~~关键是其他三个。。。谢谢哟~~

babybearmm

这个也是逻辑问题，典型的中英文差异。
中文里，我们可以说，例如“因为共产党，所以旧中国得以解放。”
但你如果直译成英文，"Due to the Communist Party of China, ......" 这句话在英文里就是完全non-sense! 甭管你用due to，还是because of，都不行。

因为在英语思维里，一个普通名词（饭饭，共产党，中国，apples, mother, ...）是绝对不可能作为原因的。只有一种行为、事件，或者一些抽象名词例如法律法规、科学发现，才能作为原因。所以你会发现，正确句子里的"due to", "because of" 后面往往都跟的是能够高度概括的名词如an action noun (e.g. negligence, implementation) or a complex gerund (e.g. "the passing of XXX Act in 1931").

类似的词组还有很多，不局限于because of/due to. 例如"lead to"。刚看到Ron举了这么个例子
Sexual intercourse leads to babies.  (Incorrect)
Sexual intercourse leads to the conception of babies.   (Correct)

就这题而言，moisture无法表达closed for cleaning and repair的直接原因
由严格的逻辑思维，是"moisture had raised the humidity"作为原因

203.(T-4-Q29)In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls.

A.due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing

B.due to moisture that tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallize

C.because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize

D.because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize(E)

E.because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing

选项分析：A.due to moisture无法表达closed for cleaning and repair的直接原因；用which引导非限定性定从不能表达出该有的意思；such…so that固定习语使用错误；its无所指代。

B.due to moisture无法表达closed for cleaning and repair的直接原因。thereby raising用法awkward；its无所指；such that + would(情态动词)是表达目的，逻辑含义错误；stone would crystallize和fungus was growing on the walls不平行。

C.tourists were exhaling moisture无法表达closed for cleaning and repair的直接原因；Which在GMAT里面不可以指代前面整个分句（至今没有一道官方题目有which指代前面整句）；Such that + would(情态动词)是表达目的，逻辑含义错误；them指代了tourists错误；stone would crystallize和fungus was growing on the walls不平行。

D.because of moisture无法表达closed for cleaning and repair的直接原因；so … as to make使得与后面的fungus was growing on the walls不平行； that was exhaled没有必要补出that was，累赘。

E.Correct.humidity within them...tourists身体里面不可能包含有humidity，而且by tourists在从句的介宾短语里，是不会被指代的，所以them不会指代混乱。



这个题虽然每次做都会做对，通过其他点能选出正确答案，也知道原因状语从句一般优于介词短语，也知道饭饭以下这个问题不是主要考点，但是弄不懂真的心理不舒服啊。。。。
诚心求问：四个粉粉的部分，为什么不能表达直接原因？谢谢呦~C比较好理解~~关键是其他三个。。。谢谢哟~~

-- by 会员 泾渭不凡 (2012/3/10 11:03:39)

babybearmm

我觉得吧，这样的逻辑问题很典型的。
比如，有些人总结说"expectation of" "evidence of"通常是错的。这话不对。通常情况错，为什么？什么时候就是对的？
GMAT SC考的不是死记硬背的语法规则，而是meaning-based, case-by-case logic.

You can say "the evidence that UFO exists".
You can also say "the evidence of the existence of UFO".
However, you CANNOT say "the evidence of UFO" or "the evidence of UFO existing".
This is a logic issue.

记得曾经livia在我贴子里讨论的一道题么，当时我说，我读完这个句子，看到某些选项以"expectation of"打头我就不往下看了直接排除，只剩下以"expectation that"开头的。就是因为在理解了句子意思之后，判断出：这个expectation是很复杂的一个事件，不可能用一个名词能概括，必然是写成一句话（that从句）。但并不是说，我下次见到"expectation of"也无脑排除，这是case-by-case，必须理解句意逻辑。

泾渭不凡

谢谢baby姐姐~~饭饭明白咯~~
就是说在本题中的ABD中的原因核心词都是：“moisture”，而非题目真正欲表达的核心原因：“湿气导致湿度上升”，导致逻辑表达错误。此处即便是将“raising the humidity ”作为后置分词表修饰也是不可以的，原因如下：1. because of/due to+doing结构错误，应变成原因状语从句；2. 即便加上“raising the humidity”，也是修饰成分，并非原因本身正确表达，逻辑含义仍旧没有根本上的改观。

综上，句子中，不管是“原因”、“结果”、还是“同位语”等成分，逻辑为王~！aeo斑斑也一直强调这一点~！注意区分该成分的逻辑含义到底是什么才是判断根本。在本题中的体现就是：不能用moisture这个名词去代替“moisture raised the humidity” 这一包含动作的句子来表示原因。

baby姐姐的讲解很清晰很全面啊~~饭饭这里大谢大谢baby姐姐~~case by case logic一直很受GMAT的推崇啊，看到一些高分作文就常常是应用case by case logic.

meaning-based & case-by-case logic.

记住了~~谢谢baby姐姐~~这个思维拓展及巩固对饭饭帮助很大啊，逻辑为王~~！

泾渭不凡

补充一点：语法看逻辑含义的时候，尽量应用英文在脑海里进行逻辑分析及适度加工。
哎呀.....这个对饭饭很难......加油吧......

qychen

due to＝be caused by不等于on account of。是很直接的一种因果关系。本题中，cleaning and repair are caused by moisture是不对的，应该是humidity。

yummy199099

LZ的解释好详细的说……我想知道这是哪个版本的~刚练习OG的SC，总是用awkward等词语来搪塞，我很郁闷呀~~~

泾渭不凡

due to＝be caused by不等于on account of。是很直接的一种因果关系。本题中，cleaning and repair are caused by moisture是不对的，应该是humidity。

-- by 会员 qychen (2012/3/10 21:19:54)

谢谢同学呦~~哦~~但是这里主要是指due to后面的中心词不是直接原因~~话说饭饭刚开始的问题的确是针对due to的~~
due to 本身是“很直接的一种因果关系”哦~~加上baby姐姐的解释，是中心词非合理逻辑原因~~
谢谢qychen哇~~~

泾渭不凡

LZ的解释好详细的说……我想知道这是哪个版本的~刚练习OG的SC，总是用awkward等词语来搪塞，我很郁闷呀~~~-- by 会员 yummy199099 (2012/3/11 9:25:05)

啊~~亲~~不郁闷~~~饭饭看OG解释也是感觉总是很笼统不够清晰的。。。。同郁闷~要自己总结。。sigh~
这个版本就是著名的“prep08语法笔记”啊~~置顶帖的~~
还是直接给你链接哈~~~同学加油~~~
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-484446-1-1.html
美味同学记得下载最新版本滴呦~~~加油~~~

yummy199099

嗯嗯……谢谢啦~~~~一起加油撒……