语法疑惑之4，请大家帮忙

harvard2012

1. a study of food resources in the North Pacific between 1989 and 1996 revealed that creatures of the seabed were suffering from dwindling food supplies, possibly resulting from increasing sea surface temperatures during the same period.
(b) that creatures of the seabed were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, possibly as a result of an increase in
正确答案选B，我选了A

2.officials at the US Mint believe that the Sacagawea dollar coin will be used more as a substitute for four quarters rather tahn for the dollar bill because its weight, only 8.1 grams, is far less than four quarters, which weigh 5.67 grams each.
(c) as a substitute for four quarters more than for the dollar bill beacause it weighs only 8.1 grams, far less than
正确答案是C，我错选了A， 原文错在哪了啊

3. india, like italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian food comprises many different styles of cooking, with each a product of their regional influences, from the fiery vegetarian dishes of the south to the Portuguese-influenced Goan cooking of the west, to the more familiar Mogul food of the north.
(d) each a product of
答案选对了，但是那位大牛能指点一下“each”的用法，特别是做补语或伴随修饰语的

4. whereas the use of syntheic fertilizers has greatly expanded agricultural productivity in many parts of the world, an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and their substitution for more traditional fertilizers may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion.
(d) the increased usage of these fertilizers can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution
正确答案选A，可是D错在哪了

5. A recent review of pay scales indicates that CEO's now earn an average of 419 times more pay than blue-collar workers, compared to a ratio of 42 times in 1980.
(b) that, on average, CEO's now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, a ratio that compares to 42 times
(c) that, on average, CEO's now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, as compared to 42 times their pay, the ratio
正确答案选C，我选B， 感觉C的“their pay, the ratio" 很别扭啊

6. on earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow, as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks.
(c) on earth, the rate at which trees grow is believed to be among the surest indications of sunspot cycles
(e) among the surest indications on earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which tress grow
正确答案选E， 我选了C，E中怎么觉得没有主语啊

7. the computer company has announced taht it will purchase the color-printing division of a rival compan for $ 950 million, which is part of a deal that will make it the largest manyfacturer in the office color-printing market.
(d) million as a part of a deal to make
(e) million as part of a dela that will make
正确答案是E，可是D错哪了啊

8. one automobile manufacturer has announced plans to increase the average fuel efficiency of its sport utility vehicles by 25 percent over the next five years, amounting to roughly five miles per gallon, and representing the firt significant change in the fuel efficiency of any class of passenger vehicle in almost two decades.
(b) amounting to roughly five miles per gallon, and it would represent
(d) an increase that would amount to roughly five miles per gallon and would represent
正确答案是d，但是b错在哪了啊，是it指代不清吗

elwinchase

1. a study of food resources in the North Pacific between 1989 and 1996 revealed that creatures of the seabed were suffering from dwindling food supplies, possibly resulting from increasing sea surface temperatures during the same period.
(b) that creatures of the seabed were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, possibly as a result of an increase in
正确答案选B，我选了A

as a result of , result from , because of +n   不加doing   而because是万金油 doing 或者名词都可以

2.officials at the US Mint believe that the Sacagawea dollar coin will be used more as a substitute for four quarters rather tahn for the dollar bill because its weight, only 8.1 grams, is far less than four quarters, which weigh 5.67 grams each.
(c) as a substitute for four quarters more than for the dollar bill beacause it weighs only 8.1 grams, far less than
正确答案是C，我错选了A， 原文错在哪了啊

A的 缺少than  。rather than 和than 可不是一回事  记住 more than  中间没有 as  rather等

3. india, like italy and China, has no single dominant cuisine: Indian food comprises many different styles of cooking,
with each a product of their regional influences, from the fiery vegetarian dishes of the south to the Portuguese-influenced Goan cooking of the west, to the more familiar Mogul food of the north.
(d) each a product of
答案选对了，但是那位大牛能指点一下“each”的用法，特别是做补语或伴随修饰语的
each 在这里做的是同位语 修饰的是不同的烹饪风格
each在句首 谓语动词用单数 each dog has
each在主语的后半部分 主语是单数谓语动词就是单数 主语是复数谓语动词就是复数 they each are

4. whereas the use of syntheic fertilizers has greatly expanded agricultural productivity in many parts of the world,
an increase in their use can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, and their substitution for more traditional fertilizers
may accelerate soil structure deterioration and soil erosion.
(d) the increased usage of these fertilizers can create serious environmental problems such as water pollution, while if substituted for more traditional fertilizers, this substitution
正确答案选A，可是D错在哪了
别的选项是什么 如果单比你这两个肯定是A好  1. 是肥料的增加使用会产生问题 还是肥料使用的增加？很显然 后者increased usage. increased在这里只是修饰并没有明确表示出来 可以忽略
                                                                         2.D 尽管如果代替传统肥料， 这个代替会有不利影响。 A 他们代替传统肥料会产生无力影响。  D明显wordy 而且文中开头已经说了 尽管 这里有来个尽管 齐不是unidiomatic?

5. A recent review of pay scales indicates that CEO's now earn an average of 419 times more pay than blue-collar workers, compared to a ratio of 42 times in 1980.
(b) that, on average, CEO's now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, a ratio that compares to 42 times
(c) that, on average, CEO's now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, as compared to 42 times their pay, the ratio
正确答案选C，我选B， 感觉C的“their pay, the ratio" 很别扭啊
这里说 C老大们的工资是小弟工资的419倍， 和42倍相比， 42倍这一比率是1980的
           B compares 不对 应该是被比较

6. on earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow, as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks.
(c) on earth, the rate at which trees grow is believed to be among the surest indications of sunspot cycles
(e) among the surest indications on earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which tress grow
正确答案选E， 我选了C，E中怎么觉得没有主语啊
C中的are就不对。。。 最确定的只有一个啊  
  E还原the rate at which tress grow is believed to be the surest indications on earth of sunspot cycles


7. the computer company has announced taht it will purchase the color-printing division of a rival compan for $ 950 million, which is part of a deal that will make it the largest manyfacturer in the office color-printing market.
(d) million as a part of a deal to make
(e) million as part of a dela that will make
正确答案是E，可是D错哪了啊  
题干中不是有个will么？ 说明成为老大是未来的事。 而且D中 to make 是公司to 还是计划to？歧义

8. one automobile manufacturer has announced plans to increase the average fuel efficiency of its sport utility vehicles by 25 percent over the next five years, amounting to roughly five miles per gallon, and representing
the firt significant change in the fuel efficiency of any class of passenger vehicle in almost two decades.
(b) amounting to roughly five miles per gallon, and it would represent
(d) an increase that would amount to roughly five miles per gallon and would represent
正确答案是d，但是b错在哪了啊，是it指代不清吗  
这里我的理解是it的补出显得很没有必要 it 应该指代的是制造商 但是制造商怎么能代表变化呢？
而D  同位语说了概括了前面的增加 逻辑意思对

-- by 会员 harvard2012 (2012/2/15 16:54:00)

guotonghao123

第2题，我觉得还有一处就是A项中，its weight less than  four quarters,这样看的话比较对象是不对称的

elwinchase

第2题，我觉得还有一处就是A项中，its weight less than  four quarters,这样看的话比较对象是不对称的

-- by 会员 guotonghao123 (2012/2/15 22:28:17)

yep, i omitted it.
"it weighs only 8.1 grams, far less than four quarters, which weigh 5.67 grams each."

the coin itself (referred to here with the pronoun "it") is the subject - and you should compare coins to coins, hence "four quarters" rather than "the weight of four quarters."

harvard2012

非常感谢大牛的指导，目前还有以下两题不是特别清楚
5. A recent review of pay scales indicates that CEO's now earn an average of 419 times more pay than blue-collar workers, compared to a ratio of 42 times in 1980.
(b) that, on average, CEO's now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, a ratio that compares to 42 times
(c) that, on average, CEO's now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, as compared to 42 times their pay, the ratio
正确答案选C，我选B， 感觉C的“their pay, the ratio" 很别扭啊
这里说 C老大们的工资是小弟工资的419倍， 和42倍相比， 42倍这一比率是1980的
          B compares 不对 应该是被比较
还是觉得有点怪怪地
6. on earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow, as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks.
(c) on earth, the rate at which trees grow is believed to be among the surest indications of sunspot cycles
(e) among the surest indications on earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which tress grow
正确答案选E， 我选了C，E中怎么觉得没有主语啊
C中的are就不对。。。 最确定的只有一个啊  
 E还原the rate at which tress grow is believed to be the surest indications on earth of sunspot cycles
C中没有are啊