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文化的体现形式 rituals and ceremonies ? 1.onepurpose of ritual and ceremony in today's world is to preserve culturalidentity.帮助定义文化 Countless ceremonies of Indians show theirtraditional owl猫头鹰to the cryptic神秘的nature, respect their homeland,and worship崇敬to their greatancestors; The ceremony of Christmas represent their religion believe toChrist; and the spring festival of China show a traditional emphasize on familywelfare and a optimist emotion that wish tomorrow be better. 2. ceremonies逐渐成为全球文化,没有明显的定义 For instance, the Christmas Day, which represents the culture ofwestern world, is now celebrated by a considerable amount of people fromeastern countries. And we can often see people from Japan or South Koreaenjoying their Valentine’s Day on television, which is impossible to imagine inthe past few centuries. 3.文化定义不一定只有rituals and ceremonies,还体现在生活中 the way we think, the things we value, the way we solveproblems, detail of our behavior It is culture that makesa joke that make an Englishman laugh to tears bores a Frenchman; it is culturethat makes American open-minded and aggressive and Chinese implicative andmodest; and it is culture make there are a lot of French artists and Germanscientists Anoutward display of traditional customs and distinct heritage is needed to putthe world on notice that each tribe is a distinct and autonomous people, withits own heritage , values , and ideas. 仪式的根源目的 Theoriginal purpose of a ritual might have been to frighten away evil spirits ,tobring about weather conditions favorable to bountiful harvests , or to entreatthe goals for a successful hunt or for victory in battle. 文化类 文化的传播途径 从年轻人身上可以有效的看到文化发展趋势) 电视和广告极大的消除了文化差异) 提纲小结: 重要的是年轻人和电视、广告。采用折中。既有优点,又有缺点。 文化的传承和保护 政府应该资助大城市,以保护传统文化) 采用濒临灭绝的语言的国家,政府应该保护这些语言不至于灭绝) 要了解自己本民族的文化,需要了解其他民族的文化) 礼仪是文化的重要部分。没有它,人们就会不清楚自己究竟是谁) //中国人放鞭炮、包饺子、过春节的习俗;西方有过圣诞、作弥撒Mass的习俗 //现在东方一些国家的小孩子盲目追求西方文化。 提纲小结: 提纲文化保护: 1、全球化背景下,强势文化(语言)对其他文化有重要影响。 2、人们都有一种排他的需要。有自己特色的文化,可以促进人们增强对自己文化乃至国家的认同感。 如果忽视自己独特的文化传承,容易盲目追求其他文化的表面现象。 提纲文化交流: 1、只有通过和其他文化的比较,才能发现自己的文化和其他文化的差异,才能真正了解到自己文化的内涵。 2、不同文化之间有很多相互影响的地方。世界各国的文化的产生、发展、繁盛和消亡的过程是相关的,了解其他文化,有助于了解本国文化的发展背景。了解其他文化,也可以看到不同文化之间的共性。 3、通过和其他文化的交流,民族文化可以吸收其他文化的优点,淘汰自己文化中落后的部分。 |
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