几题请教

LES

以下是引用stoneren在2004-7-26 11:11:00的发言：
A是两个独立的句子，用以表达两个不同的意思；E是一个独立的句子+独立主格，而这个独立主格是修饰整个主句的，从意思上它怎么修饰呢？这里的修饰实再是说不通啊。

表示比较呀。

以上都是偶的个人观点，大家继续讨论。

以前讨论过这题，若谁有连接，烦请贴上来供大家参考。谢谢！

（忘了当时是否参与讨论，投了哪个选项，反正现在偶投E）

leeon

这里分析一下E为什么是错的，姑且认为E中的主语＋分词可以和前面的句子对称，但是注意这个分词结构growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997；现在分词强调的是动作的反复，我们这里能说反复增长到每周6小时吗？所以E错误。还有关于grow这个词，OG里出现很多次，大家也可以多参看词典里面的例子。

LES

以下是引用leeon在2004-7-26 12:45:00的发言：
这里分析一下E为什么是错的，姑且认为E中的主语＋分词可以和前面的句子对称，但是注意这个分词结构growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997；现在分词强调的是动作的反复，我们这里能说反复增长到每周6小时吗？所以E错误。还有关于grow这个词，OG里出现很多次，大家也可以多参看词典里面的例子。

偶觉得这条规则只适用于现在分词做定语修饰名词；而这里是一种非谓语形式，只须考虑与前面的名词是主动或被动的逻辑关系。

juan

我觉得E中的独立主格是可以的。我原来也选E。

听了stonren GG的解释后觉得有理。A中的过去完成时更准确地表达出by 1997的动作时态。也扩展了我原来对过去完成时的认识。过去完成时不仅可以表示过去的过去，还表示在过去发生，过去结束的动作。A就是表示了过去发生到过去为止的动作----从过去到1997年止。

leeon

grow这个词本身就表示一种动作的持续性，类似的动词有continue,become等，而在表示grow to ...这个意思是本身就代表着这个动作从过去某个时间开始到某个时间之间这个动作的过程。所以时态上只能是完成时态。

举几个例子：

Its readership has grown to over 15,000 subscribers...

OG2:

Since 1981, when the farm depression began, the number of acres overseen by professional farm-management companies have grown from 48 million to nearly 59 million, an area that is about Colorado’s size.

(C) has grown from 48 million to nearly 59 million, an area about the size of Colorado

LES

以下是引用leeon在2004-7-26 14:22:00的发言：

grow这个词本身就表示一种动作的持续性，类似的动词有continue,become等，而在表示grow to ...这个意思是本身就代表着这个动作从过去某个时间开始到某个时间之间这个动作的过程。所以时态上只能是完成时态。

这点完全不同意的说！大全里的例子有：

1.        As business grows more complex, students majoring in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming increasingly successful in the job market.

(A) majoring in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming increasingly

(B) who major in such specialized areas as finance and marketing are becoming more and more

(C) who majored in specialized areas such as those of finance and marketing are being increasingly

(D) who major in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming more and more（B）

(E) having majored in such specialized areas as finance and marketing are being increasingly

leeon

这点完全不同意的说！大全里的例子有：

1.        As business grows more complex, students majoring in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming increasingly successful in the job market.

(A) majoring in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming increasingly

(B) who major in such specialized areas as finance and marketing are becoming more and more

(C) who majored in specialized areas such as those of finance and marketing are being increasingly

(D) who major in specialized areas like those of finance and marketing have been becoming more and more（B）

(E) having majored in such specialized areas as finance and marketing are being increasingly

你举的这个例子恰恰说明了grow这个动作的持续性。grow和grow... to不同，to后面连接的是一个具体的多少，也就代表着一个具体的时间点。As business grows more complex，more complex本身就是泛泛而指，而这里的grows恰恰表达了这个动作的过程。这样的例子还有很多，我想大家还是自己到字典里去看例句吧！

tianwan

3. In 1981 children in the United States spent an average of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing household chores; by 1997 they have spent nearly six hours a week.

B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week

C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997

D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997

E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997

讨论很精彩。

我会选B，和stoneren一样。从语法上讲，B和E都可以。但是从语义上分析，B是并列，而E是从属。我觉得并列更加符合逻辑。

请指正。

LES

tianwan大N也选B呀。

可是还是想不通！

以后再想了。

mariezhu

以下是引用juan在2004-7-26 9:56:00的发言：

谢谢marie MM.

再请教：

2. Responding to the public’s fascination with----and sometimes undue alarm over-possible threats from asteroids, a scale developed by astronomers rates the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may collide with Earth.

B. a scale that astronomers have developed rates how likely it is for a particular asteroid or comet to

C. astronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet will be to ----develop a scale to rate ...好象rate的逻辑主语是astronomers,逻辑上不对。偶认为这个rate本来就是astronomer研制出来用于rate。。的，所以逻辑主语是astronomer完全没有问题。另外偶还是认为在to和for的问题上，ets似乎倾向于选择to，因为后面跟的是动词rate

D. astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will ----develop a scale for rating ....用for doing sth解释说明a scale的目的，也没有逻辑主语的问题。

E. astronomers have developed a scale that rates the likelihood of a particular asteroid or comet that may

我还是觉得要选D，而不是C。

3. In 1981 children in the United States spent an average of slightly less than two and a half hours a week doing household chores; by 1997 they have spent nearly six hours a week.  选A的话they指代前面的children，感觉说的是同一群children，我觉得逻辑上不对呀。they指代children完全没有问题，原因是不管何时任何地方都会有children，而且时间状语in 1981和by 1997完全对应，注意前面说得只是children in unites states, in 1981只是个时间状语govern整个句子，而不是children的定语。类似的题目其实大家遇见过，就是关于elderly  pepple在日本更受尊敬那一道，大家可以翻出来看一看，这题的e我认为是改变了句子重心，本来是两个平行的elements没有理由改成e的情况 此外还有sharks kill people的一题，其实仔细看起来也是类似的问题：两个不同的时间段但是却是同一个主语，然而却不会产生歧义，原因是主语并不是特指某个时间段的东东，而是存在于各个时间段的东东。

欢迎大家讨论这一题（偶觉得b最大的问题是不知道是谁spent。。。这种形式似乎ets并不喜欢）

B. chores; by 1997 that figure had grown to nearly six hours a week

C. chores, whereas nearly six hours a week were spent in 1997

D. chores, compared with a figure of nearly six hours a week in 1997

E. chores, that figure growing to nearly six hours a week in 1997

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-7-27 8:19:14编辑过]