og102

Avantasia · 发表于 2005-4-20 16:02:00

高级问题!

首先明确一个问题, with这里引导的不是介词结构

张道真的语法书，发现两个知识点，可能可以解释副词/介词的区别：

1.副词一章：“该单词后若跟有宾语，就是介词，否则就是副词。”

2.介词一章：可以充当介词的宾语的成分主要有：

名词
代词
动名词(短语) :She is fond of skating
由连接代(副)词引起的从句或不定式短语:I'm thinking of how…
另一个介词短语:I took my watch from under the pillow
that引起的从句:exepct that,in that…
形容词或副词:His pronunciation is far from perfect
复合结构:I have no objection to Xiao Li joining our group.

其次, 联系OG192D我们可以发现with结构是不可以有宾语的, 否则就是副词结构, 不可以修饰前面的名词, 而OG102B洽洽就是有个it,

zhoushao · 发表于 2005-4-20 17:44:00

以下是引用-Aquarius-在2005-4-20 16:02:00的发言：

高级问题!

首先明确一个问题, with这里引导的不是介词结构

为什么不是介词结构那，with只有介词词性，没有副词词性

Avantasia · 发表于 2005-4-20 17:48:00

可以充当介词的宾语的成分主要有：

名词
代词
动名词(短语) :She is fond of skating
由连接代(副)词引起的从句或不定式短语:I'm thinking of how…
另一个介词短语:I took my watch from under the pillow
that引起的从句:exepct that,in that…
形容词或副词:His pronunciation is far from perfect
复合结构:I have no objection to Xiao Li joining our group

这题里面的结构和这些都不符合, 所以不是介词结构了, 而是一个在"性质上面"类似独立结构的一个副词成份. 不知道能否理解?

zhoushao · 发表于 2005-4-20 18:04:00

192. Cajuns speak a dialect brought to southern Louisiana by the four thousand Acadians who migrated there in 1755; their language is basically seventeenth-century French to which has been added English. Spanish. and Italian words.

(A) to which has been added English, Spanish, and Italian words

(B) added to which is English, Spanish, and Italian words

(C) to which English, Spanish, and Italian words have been added

(D) with English, Spanish, and Italian words having been added to it

(E) and, in addition, English, Spanish, and Italian words are added

The underlined section must modify the noun phrase seventeenth-century French by noting additions made to French subsequently from foreign vocabularies. C, the best choice, does this clearly, directly, and correctly in the form of a relative clause. Because the subject of this clause is plural (words), the verb must also be plural (have been added). A and B incorrectly use singular forms has been added and is added. B also awkwardly inverts and divides the verb phrase (added... is). D offers an awkward adverbial construction, which cannot be used to modify nouns. E offers an incoherent and incomplete new clause with the wrong verb tense and no logical complement for are added_ that is, we are not told to what the words are added.

-Aquarius-我理解你说的，但是我认为这是介词结构，只不过是复合结构，薄冰语法书上叫做，分词介词（我觉得讨论的有点偏了）

这题我认为with结构仍属于介词结构，只是作状语adverbial construction，但是这到题，且是with接了it ，但是OG对此题的解释是不能修饰名词，而不是说结构unidiomatic,不过到是说了awkward。

但是总觉得102这到题问题不在with接it这个上

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-4-20 18:21:04编辑过]

zhoushao · 发表于 2005-4-20 18:42:00

还有，我认为 Except for a concert performance with the composer himself staging it这里with结构是修饰performance的应该算是作定语

但是ETS似乎认为这个介词后在加分词是unidiomatic，而不是说加it作宾语是不对的，还有就是我对你提出的这个it是with后的宾语疑惑，我认为it应该是staging的宾语吧

the prepositional phrase containing this participle (with... it) is unidiomatic

不知道这题是不是钻了牛角尖，若是就不这样讨论了

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-4-20 18:45:42编辑过]

Avantasia · 发表于 2005-4-20 19:05:00

我的理解是无论它是什么结构(说的有点不严谨), 有一点是可以肯定的, 类似独立主格结构的东西是不可以做名词的修饰语的.

针对你上面的帖子, 回答如下:

OG这题确实是想让with引导的结构做限定性的修饰成份, 但是这里由于后面的结构是副词性质的, 所以不再可以修饰前面的名词.

zhoushao · 发表于 2005-4-20 19:15:00

以下是引用-Aquarius-在2005-4-20 19:05:00的发言：

我的理解是无论它是什么结构(说的有点不严谨), 有一点是可以肯定的, 类似独立主格结构的东西是不可以做名词的修饰语的.

针对你上面的帖子, 回答如下:

OG这题确实是想让with引导的结构做限定性的修饰成份, 但是这里由于后面的结构是副词性质的, 所以不再可以修饰前面的名词.

好，我在领会一下，今天看的比较晕了，谢谢Aquarius！

adii · 发表于 2005-4-25 00:25:00

我同意Aquarius的看法。with sb doing sth是个独立主格结构吧？独立主格好像不能修饰名词吧？

anyname · 发表于 2005-4-25 13:15:00

实际上ETS就是不喜欢“介词+ sb/sth + doing sth”（sb/sth作doing sth的逻辑主语）的结构，所以碰到这种结构时基本可以算错误选项，因为这种结构总是可以用从句代替，更干净利索。或改成：“介词+ sb/sth+定从”，也可以。

zhoushao · 发表于 2005-4-25 17:38:00

这样，那好吧，偶就不追问了

og102

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