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很吐血的一篇,我想太多了,列好提纲依然纠结了一个小时才写出来。删删减减,修修补补,总算写出个满意的样子。建议大家也试试这个话题,希望各位看官对于这篇issue能给我一些建议或者好的破题思路,如果可以最好分享一下提纲,以便进一步琢磨~
105. Claim: Imagination is a more valuable asset than experience. Reason: People who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible without the constraints of established habits and attitudes. Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claim is based.
1 (-)经验与知识为我们提供了思考的基础,形成我们推理的依据,为很多问题的解决提供了捷径。 2 (+) 只有经验是不够的,在良好的经验与知识积淀的基础上,想象力在以下方面发挥更大作用: 2.1 科学研究,面临深奥的问题,不能用常识或经验解释,因此想象力很重要;(弦论,微观原子运动,宇宙) 2.2 创造发明,实现突破,更需要想象力。只依靠经验,无法推陈出新,没有创新;(——没写) 3 (0)不依靠经验的空想是危险的,虚无的,没有意义的;光依靠经验也是不够的,被羁绊。两者互补,才能成功。
学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。
Imagination and experience are two major abilities for us to create new things, entangle problems, and make changes. Both of them are necessary for almost every task we handle every single day, and both of them serve as a general standard for us to judge how able a person is. Sometimes, we may wonder which one is more valuable. Some people may consider imagination more valuable than experience due to the free thinking ability to some new findings without experience as a reference. While that sort of opinions are worth thinking about, different tasks or problems may prefer different ability for a solution, and therefore in some situations people may consider experience a more valuable skill than imagination. This comparison really needs an in-depth scrutiny in concrete context.
It is no doubt that a great part of our knowledge, our skills, our traditions or even our cultures comes from the accumulation and transmission of experiences. Experience, serving as something prepared and available already, can provide us a short cut to the real answer in many situations. Actually, there are many fields relying on such empiricism methods to deal with problems, like the plane repairing work, driving, and so forth. The profiling work of the criminals by the detectives, for example, is conducted based on the accumulated data to analyze the crimes' mind and target them. Detectives will distinguish the personality, habits and motives of the crime out of his action with the reference of profiles from the cases in the past, so-called “detective experience”. In such situations, we may consider experience a definitive property.
On the other hand, experience is not enough to accomplish some jobs, and imagination could be more important. With the huge progress humans have made, the problems and challenges upgrade themselves as well, making the solving process more difficult than ever that new methods are in urgent need. Sometimes, the original knowledge and experience may even serve as a barrier for creative thinking, therefore, blocking the way to the real answer to some issues and confining people’s mind in the old story. In such scenarios, imagination becomes more important, especially for inventing and science study. Some absurd questions--the universe and string theory, the microscopy of an atom, or dark material and supernovas--require great imagination and creative inspirations. For instance, when dealing with the problems about the extension of universe, Einstein created a cosmology parameter to further improve his generalized theory of relativity. This imaginary product, the constant, is considered a talented creation for the study of universe model. As Einstein said, "knowledge is limited; imagination encircles the whole world." In this light, we can detect why imagination is always considered as one of the most valuable properties for a good scientist.
In fact, most successes and progress we made are out of the combination of both imagination and experience, and without one of them, the other cannot function well alone. Recently, a young Chinese university student figured out the mathematical hypothesis imposed by Ramsey in the beginning of 20th century, with a creative method by modifying an original one. In this case, we can see that many break-throughs people made are no more than a gifted and breaking ideas from an experienced person.
As Confucius said, "learning without cogitating is perplexing while cogitating without learning is dangerous." Both of these two abilities are the decisive factors for any success. In different areas, there may be some preference for the ability, weighing one of them more than the other. However, in a broad sphere, they are both essential. 593—1h
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