A study by the Ocean Wildlife Campaign urged states to undertake a number of remedies to reverse a decline in the shark population, which includes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing state waters for shark fishing during pupping season, and requiring commercial fishers to have federal shark permits.
A study by the Ocean Wildlife Campaign urged states to undertake a number of remedies to reverse a decline in the shark population, which includes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing state waters for shark fishing during pupping season, and requiring commercial fishers to have federal shark permits.
A.which includes the establishment of size limits for shark catches, closing
B.which includes establishing limits to the size of sharks that can be caught, closing
C.which include the establishment of size limits for shark catches, the closing of
D.including establishing size limits for shark catches, closing
E.including the establishing of limits to the size of sharks that are caught, the closing of
essential modifiers (i.e., modifiers that are NOT blocked off by commas) have more freedom of placement than do nonessential modifiers (i.e., modifiers that ARE blocked off by commas).
这里现在分词可以修饰前面的名词,所以应该是essential modifier
因为including,closing and requiring很长所以放在to reverse后面,including前的逗号应该是避免歧义,不是为了修饰全句