求助一道题目

megadreamer

The first detailed study of magpie attacks in Australia indicates that by the time they had reached adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women born in the country have been attacked by the birds.

A. by the time they had reached adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women born in the country have been attacked by the birds
B. by the time they reach adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women, who were born in the country, had been attacked by the birds
C. by the time they reached adulthood, 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women born in the country had been attacked by the birds
D. 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women that were born in the country were attacked by the birds by the time they reach adulthood         (C)
E. 98 percent of men and 75 percent of women who were born in the country, by the time they reached adulthood had been attacked by the birds

megadreamer

答案是C。（prep语法笔记part2/159）

杉爷

赵丽语法讲过：过去完成时和过去时态同时出现。因为过去完成时表示的是过去的过去。
AB都是时态错误。
C前面是一般过去时，后面是过去完成时——时态正确。
至于DE，were born in the country——据此就可以排除。能用主动，不用被动。

用最简单的方法迅速排除ABDE，选C

杉爷

语法要想讲的复杂也很容易，不过能用简单的方法排除就用简单的了~~呵呵

megadreamer

恩恩，多谢你的解释！！我的疑问是答案C选项那句里面的they究竟指代什么？怎么判断？

这题目来自prep语法笔记，讲解提到they指代men and women我有些不理解了！

megadreamer

是呢！做的时候也是靠排除的！！！

杉爷

的确是指men and women~~

首先，这里面可以指代的有三个——study ， men and women 还有birds~~

study 单数，不可能。birds，根据逻辑也不可能，所以肯定是指men and women~~
这个代词指代相当明确，没有错误。

不过GMAT中的代词，80%是错的，可以先认定是错的，再找证据支持。但是本题结构简单，不需要怀疑，这个代词肯定是指men and women 没错~~

杉爷

代词指代可以通过三种方法确定：
语法上；逻辑上；最后注意单复数~~

一般来说，如果一个代词前有两个可以指代的对象，就容易出现指代不清的错误。比如OG 12的67题，CE选项的it，就是指代不清的错误~~
可以注意下哈~~

megadreamer

恩恩！我傻了，一直觉得像是在指attacks!!!完全糊涂了！！明白了 多谢你了！

megadreamer

恩恩，做到不少题目都是因为指代不清，或者容易引起误解而判错！所以看到自己没怎么想通的就困惑了！！再次感谢！