大家能帮我说一下下面的语法现象吗？

liwebber

标注的地方是什么语法现象：

For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment, protecting warriors against enemy arrows and spears.

Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised since transplants from Norway began in 1975.

In a plan to stop the erosion of East Coast beaches, the Army Corps of Engineer proposed building parallel to shore a breakwater of rocks that would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, absorbing the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.

黄色的部分为什么要用ing形式呢？大家告诉我现象就可以，之后我自己吧这方面只是不全。小弟语法不好，各位师兄师姐见笑了，谢谢各位。

liwebber

大家帮个忙啊

pye34878

同问，第一例中OG给的解释是protecting 表目的修饰 items of military equipment；而第二例中（按照本人对OG理解的愚见）认为OG解释说bringing的逻辑主语是前面一整句话描述的动作，同时表达Bring与left两个动作的同时性。
求大牛详述关于动词-ing形式的使用方法（包括逻辑主语，被修饰者，以及属性，如表目的，表同时性等等）。

因为自己翻了翻语法书看到上面说正常情况下动词-ing形式作状语其逻辑主语为主句中的主语，而当ing形式的动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不同时，则需要用独立主格结构，似乎跟OG中的解释有矛盾~~

纠结中~求助！！

pye34878

顶一个！

红红的云

表结果， 结果状语。