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不是NN，說一下自己的體會。
1. S+V,Ving 結構
以下是引用音樂咖啡貓在2004-11-29 23:35:00的發言：
我也來問一個問題，OG上說“In C and D, the infinitive phrase to lead to ..... is less idiomatic than the participial phrase leadting to..."
不明白為什麼leadting就比to lead 好？請教NN們
今天總結的時候剛好看到三個都有這樣結構的題目，都是 S+V, Ving，在這樣的結構下ETS prefer Ving是因為句意的緣故。因為這三題就句意來看，都有後面的Ving表示前面動作(主句V)的"結果"的味道（菜鳥寶典註：分詞伴隨表結果），擺出來一起看就很清楚了。
154. In 1791 Robert Carter III, one of the wealthiest plantation owners
in Virginia, stunned his family, friends, and neighbors by filing a
deed of emancipation, setting free the more than 500 slaves who were
legally considered his property.
(A) setting free the more than 500 slaves who were legally considered
(B) setting free more than the 500 slaves legally considered as
(C) and set free more than 500 slaves, who were legally considered as
(D) and set free more than the 500 slaves who were legally considered
(E) and he set free the more than 500 slaves who were legally considered as
This sentence requires that the
participial phrase setting free... connect to the gerund construction
by filing a deed...; it was the filing of a deed that made possible the
setting free ....(在這裡有指出來是前面的動作made possible"setting free) Choices
A and B establish this connection, but only A, the best choice,
completes the participial phrase appropriately. In choices B and D the
misconstructed phrases set[ting] free more than the 500 slaves ...
mistakenly suggest that Carter set free slaves that were not his own. Choices C and D distort
meaning by paralleling stunned and
set free, as though these were two separate and independent
actions.(這裡說分開用A and B連接就扭曲句意了，表示這兩個動作的確有關連) E begins a second
independent clause, which--though grammatically acceptable--again
distorts the meaning. In choices B, C, and E, considered as is
unidiomatic.
163. Found throughout Central and South America, sloths hang from trees
by long rubbery limbs and sleep fifteen hours a day. moving
infrequently enough that two species of algae grow on its coat and
between its toes.
(A) sloths hang from trees by long rubbery limbs and sleep fifteen hours a day, moving infrequently enough
(B) sloths hang from trees by long rubbery limbs,
they sleep fifteen hours a day, and with such infrequent movements
(C) sloths use their long rubbery limbs to hang from
trees, sleep fifteen hours a day, and move so infrequently
(D) the sloth
hangs from trees by its long rubbery limbs, sleeping fifteen hours a
day and moving so infrequently
(E) the sloth hangs from trees by its long rubbery
limbs, sleeps fifteen hours a day, and it moves infrequently enough
D, the best choice, correctly
subordinates sleeping and moving to hangs
(這裡指出sleeping和moving的動作是從屬於hangs的，可以理解為掛在那裡，然後sleeping and moving) while
using the idiomatically correct phrasing so (infrequently) that.... The
pronoun its shows clearly that the limbs belong to the sloth, not the
trees. Choice A illogically coordinates hang and sleep and, like E,
uses the unidiomatic expression infrequently enough that. B creates an
awkward and nonparallel series: sloths hang ..., they sleep ..., and
with.... C creates a confusing and absurd image with use their... limbs
to hang ..., sleep ..., and move .... A, B, and C all mistakenly use
the plural sloths, which does not agree , with its coat and... its
toes. E wrongly coordinates hangs and sleeps and violates parallelism
by inserting it before moves to create a new independent clause.
185. The recent surge in the number of airplane flights has clogged the
nation's air-traffic control system, to lead to 55 percent more delays
at airports, and prompts fears among some officials that safety is
being compromised.
(A) to lead to 55 percent more delays at airports, and prompts
(B) leading to 55 percent more delay at airports and prompting
(C) to lead to a 55 percent increase in delay at airports and prompt
(D) to lead to an increase of 55 percent in delays at airports, and prompted
(E) leading to a 55-percent increase in delays at airports and prompting
This question poses two major problems: parallel structure and precision of expression(這裡有提到句意要注意).
In E, the best choice, parallel structure ismaintained in the
participial phrases introduced by leading and prompting, and the phrase
55-percent increase in delays conveys the meaning more accurately than
does the phrase 55 percent more delay(s) in A and B. Also, choice A
lacks parallelism. In C and D the
infinitive phrase to lead to ... is less idiomatic than the participial
phrase leading to .. .（由句意來看，的確是前面的clogged有造成後面leading的結果，用分詞會比不定詞好)'_
Choice C uses the singular delay where the plural is needed to indicate
an increase in the number of delays; the phrase increase in delay has
no exact meaning.
2. 55-percent
直覺想到做形容詞用 類似 3-year-old boy. To be discussed.
3. delays必須要是plural表示the number of delays
the phrase increase in delay has no exact meanings.
『 og這樣說。
可是我覺得怎麼會沒有meaning呢。increase in sales，increase in delays，
在delay和銷售的增長。 』
Choice C uses the singular delay where the plural is needed to indicate
an increase in the number of delays; the phrase increase in delay has
no exact meaning. 這裡我覺得要把OG的解釋連在一起看，表示單數delay沒有表示an increase in the
number of delays.
[此贴子已经被作者于2005-4-26 3:55:12编辑过] |
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