OG12-28 突然注意到的一个很微小的细节

mongmong

这个帖子好久以前的了啊...不过我也遇到了同样的问题
这里的based on 修饰谁的？如果修饰society前面为什么要有“,”，这样不就可以错误的理解为based on修饰主语the Mochica了吗？可是这样的话逻辑就出问题了.....
啊啊啊啊啊 求大家的帮助啊

-- by 会员 joyous314 (2011/4/28 11:18:54)

过去分词在句尾，除非前面的词是形容词这种不能修饰的情况，否则都是做非限定性修饰前面名词短语和核心词（当然也可以跳跃修饰）。
有逗号是表明“非限定性修饰”。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/4/28 13:03:16)

斑竹呦，想问如何理解上面“前面”二字，如果是SVO的情况，过去分词是只能修饰到O吗？不可以修饰到S?比如下面的第一个例子，based on 不会有歧义修饰到 the Mochica吗？

需要考虑主系表结构的特殊性吗？

OG-28.
Building on civilizations that preceded them in coastal Peru, the Mochica developed their own elaborate society, based on cultivating such crops like corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and shellfish, and exploiting other wild and domestic resources.
(A) based on cultivating such crops like corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and shellfish, and exploiting
(B) based on the cultivation of such crops as corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and seafood, and the exploitation of
(C) and basing it on the cultivation of crops like corn and beans, harvesting fish and seafood, and the exploiting of
(D) and they based it on their cultivation of crops such as corn and beans, the harvest of fish and seafood, and exploiting
(E) and they based it on their cultivating such crops like corn and beans, their harvest of fish and shellfish, and they exploited

aeoluseros

这个帖子好久以前的了啊...不过我也遇到了同样的问题
这里的based on 修饰谁的？如果修饰society前面为什么要有“,”，这样不就可以错误的理解为based on修饰主语the Mochica了吗？可是这样的话逻辑就出问题了.....
啊啊啊啊啊 求大家的帮助啊

-- by 会员 joyous314 (2011/4/28 11:18:54)

过去分词在句尾，除非前面的词是形容词这种不能修饰的情况，否则都是做非限定性修饰前面名词短语和核心词（当然也可以跳跃修饰）。
有逗号是表明“非限定性修饰”。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/4/28 13:03:16)

斑竹呦，想问如何理解上面“前面”二字，如果是SVO的情况，过去分词是只能修饰到O吗？不可以修饰到S?比如下面的第一个例子，based on 不会有歧义修饰到 the Mochica吗？

需要考虑主系表结构的特殊性吗？

下面的两个例子都是摘自OG, 第二个特别说明了“名词短语和核心词（当然也可以跳跃修饰）”这个原则。

OG-28.
Building on civilizations that preceded them in coastal Peru, the Mochica developed their own elaborate society, based on cultivating such crops like corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and shellfish, and exploiting other wild and domestic resources.
(A) based on cultivating such crops like corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and shellfish, and exploiting
(B) based on the cultivation of such crops as corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and seafood, and the exploitation of
(C) and basing it on the cultivation of crops like corn and beans, harvesting fish and seafood, and the exploiting of
(D) and they based it on their cultivation of crops such as corn and beans, the harvest of fish and seafood, and exploiting
(E) and they based it on their cultivating such crops like corn and beans, their harvest of fish and shellfish, and they exploited

OG-5
Diabetes, together with its serious complications, ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of death, surpassed only by heart disease and cancer.
(A) ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of death, surpassed only
(B) rank as the nation’s third leading cause of death, only surpassed
(C) has the rank of the nation’s third leading cause of death, only surpassed
(D) are the nation’s third leading causes of death, surpassed only
(E) have been ranked as the nation’s third leading causes of death, only surpassed

-- by 会员 mongmong (2012/4/5 21:42:30)

其实可以修饰到Subject的，比如句末逗号隔开，用过去分词来形容subject所处的状态。（有时候很难解释全面。比如我在5楼说的其实也只是一个普遍现象，也有它的例外，比如逗号前面是名词，可是依然修饰的是主语，因为逻辑上只能修饰S，无法修饰SVO的那个O。）
不过印象里GMAT中还没见过这样的句子，日常阅读里有见到。
对于这个过去分词，主系表结构没有特殊性。

mongmong

这个帖子好久以前的了啊...不过我也遇到了同样的问题
这里的based on 修饰谁的？如果修饰society前面为什么要有“,”，这样不就可以错误的理解为based on修饰主语the Mochica了吗？可是这样的话逻辑就出问题了.....
啊啊啊啊啊 求大家的帮助啊

-- by 会员 joyous314 (2011/4/28 11:18:54)

过去分词在句尾，除非前面的词是形容词这种不能修饰的情况，否则都是做非限定性修饰前面名词短语和核心词（当然也可以跳跃修饰）。
有逗号是表明“非限定性修饰”。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2011/4/28 13:03:16)

斑竹呦，想问如何理解上面“前面”二字，如果是SVO的情况，过去分词是只能修饰到O吗？不可以修饰到S?比如下面的第一个例子，based on 不会有歧义修饰到 the Mochica吗？

需要考虑主系表结构的特殊性吗？

下面的两个例子都是摘自OG, 第二个特别说明了“名词短语和核心词（当然也可以跳跃修饰）”这个原则。

OG-28.
Building on civilizations that preceded them in coastal Peru, the Mochica developed their own elaborate society, based on cultivating such crops like corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and shellfish, and exploiting other wild and domestic resources.
(A) based on cultivating such crops like corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and shellfish, and exploiting
(B) based on the cultivation of such crops as corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and seafood, and the exploitation of
(C) and basing it on the cultivation of crops like corn and beans, harvesting fish and seafood, and the exploiting of
(D) and they based it on their cultivation of crops such as corn and beans, the harvest of fish and seafood, and exploiting
(E) and they based it on their cultivating such crops like corn and beans, their harvest of fish and shellfish, and they exploited

OG-5(我错了，我举了不对的例子)
Diabetes, together with its serious complications, ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of death, surpassed only by heart disease and cancer.
(A) ranks as the nation’s third leading cause of death, surpassed only
(B) rank as the nation’s third leading cause of death, only surpassed
(C) has the rank of the nation’s third leading cause of death, only surpassed
(D) are the nation’s third leading causes of death, surpassed only
(E) have been ranked as the nation’s third leading causes of death, only surpassed

-- by 会员 mongmong (2012/4/5 21:42:30)

其实可以修饰到Subject的，比如句末逗号隔开，用过去分词来形容subject所处的状态。（有时候很难解释全面。比如我在5楼说的其实也只是一个普遍现象，也有它的例外，比如逗号前面是名词，可是依然修饰的是主语，因为逻辑上只能修饰S，无法修饰SVO的那个O。）
不过印象里GMAT中还没见过这样的句子，日常阅读里有见到。
对于这个过去分词，主系表结构没有特殊性。

-- by 会员 aeoluseros (2012/4/10 7:41:36)

多谢斑竹指点~~OG 12-56就是这样的例子，请童鞋们自行翻阅~~

牛掰

mongmong 发表于 2012-4-11 09:33
这个帖子好久以前的了啊...不过我也遇到了同样的问题这里的based on 修饰谁的？如果修饰societ ...

为什么木有人疑问是不是完全的平行？正确句子连在一起是：28.        Building on civilizations that preceded them in coastal Peru, the Mochica developed their own elaborate society, and the based on the cultivation of such crops as corn and beans, the harvesting of fish and seafood, and the exploitation of other wild and domestic resources. 。
cultivation of……harvesting of…… and the exploitation of
中间的harvest改成名词形式不是更好吗？ 而且harvest本身也有名词的性质哎~