opeman SC 新题7 讨论

fannyyudan

以下是引用z520m在2005-10-4 12:01:00的发言：
那么说来，答案Ａ也没什么问题了，在ｌｏｎｇｍａｎ上，ｌｅｓｓ可以修饰可数名词！

exactly! A is the correct choice.

From MW:

 The traditional view is that less applies to matters of degree, value, or amount and modifies collective nouns, mass nouns, or nouns denoting an abstract whole while fewer applies to matters of number and modifies plural nouns. Less has been used to modify plural nouns since the days of King Alfred and the usage, though roundly decried, appears to be increasing. Less is more likely than fewer to modify plural nouns when distances, sums of money, and a few fixed phrases are involved *less than 100 miles* *an investment of less than $2000* *in 25 words or less* and as likely as fewer to modify periods of time *in less (or fewer) than four hours*.

Here less than modifies seven people.

Also, by searching on Google, here comes "Less water, more people or less people, more water" an artical on Economist, and there are a lot of examples that less is uesd to modify people.

moomoo

(B)

There is an example in OG (can remember the exact question, but you can search 987 with "as many as have been".

侬侬

看了快一个小时还是不知道结果。两个问题：

1、the ones和it不一样，不算特指吧？

2、哪位达人可以解释一下E中fewer than 这句在整个句子中是什么成份？越看越晕了~~~~`

kathy8446

这题里面主语比较，所以一定要补出助动词have。换句话说，既然have已经给出了，就明显在比主语，这样相同的部分（people）就省略掉了。再加上OG187的范例

findjuhl

这道题很阴险阿，ETS设置了很多陷阱，首先B的破折号会让人有比较插入语成分的歧义，所以不能选B

其次，答案E之所以用The ones而不是those，因为those会有歧义指代插入语的movies，只有the ones才能指代前面的复数人

peter777

难道这题是测试题！！

盈儿

同意选B

1,破折号引入的部分和主语比较

2,应该是few people

不能说less people

everann

以下是引用eSpirit在2005-6-26 16:46:00的发言：

Very good question!!!

我也想知道为什么在OG112里面不能省略，携隐的解释好像缺乏说服力啊，举个反例如大全652：

Since the movie was released seventeen UFOs have been sighted in the state, which is more than had been sighted in the past ten years together.

(A) which is more than had been sighted

(B) more than had been sighted

(C) more than they had sighted

(D) more than had reported sightings（B）

(E) which is more than had reported sightings

为什么这里的UFOs又省掉了呢？

关于某些词是怎样被understood的，我的看法是这样：

前句中提到过sighted的对象是UFOs，比较中sighted再次出现并且省略修饰对象时，原先的UFOs就可以被understood。这样的省略是合理的。

112. Domestic automobile manufacturers have invested millions of dollars into research to develop cars more gasoline-efficient even than presently on the road.

(A) into research to develop cars more gasoline-efficient even than presently on the road

(B) into research for developing even more gasoline-efficient cars on the road than at present

(C) for research for cars to be developed that are more gasoline-efficient even than presently the road

(D) in research to develop cars even more gasoline-efficient than those at present on the road

(E) in research for developing cars that are even more gasoline-efficient than presently on the road

这里的A中从presently on the road无法infer修饰对象。前文没有相关的线索来infer。

[此贴子已经被作者于2006-12-3 2:04:22编辑过]

everann

以下是引用trictincy在2006-5-30 11:52:00的发言：

即使这句话是KAPLAN说的在下也不敢认同，见下题

大全809

The proposed urban development zones do not represent a new principle; it was employed in “Operation Bootstrap” in Puerto Rico.

(A) do not represent a new principle; it

(B) represent not a new principle, but one that

(C) are not a new principle; the same one

(D) are not a new principle, but one that（B）

(E) are not new in principle; it

这里正确答案中one前面没有KAPLAN所说的另一个one作先行词，但ETS硬是用它来指代principle。我认为it与one的指代区别在于it指代的是一个具体的事物，而one指代的是一个抽象的概念。如这里A的错误就在于会使人们误读为：前面提到的‘那些新原则’会被应用于‘OB’，这显然是不合逻辑的，而B就避免了这个错误。

另外，关于破折号是否表示就近修饰，这题很可以说明些问题

大全189

Proponents of artificial intelligence say they will be able to make computers that can understand English and other human languages, recognize objects, and reason as an expert does—computers that will be used to diagnose equipment breakdowns, deciding whether to authorize a loan, or other purposes such as these.

(A) as an expert does—computers that will be used to diagnose equipment breakdowns, deciding whether to authorize a loan, or other purposes such as these

(B) as an expert does, which may be used for purposes such as diagnosing equipment breakdowns or deciding whether to authorize a loan

(C) like an expert—computers that will be used for such purposes as diagnosing equipment breakdowns or deciding whether to authorize a loan

(D) like an expert, the use of which would be for purposes like the diagnosis of equipment breakdowns or the decision whether or not a loan should be authorized（C）

(E) like an expert, to be used to diagnose equipment breakdowns, deciding whether to authorize a loan or not, or the like

正确答案很清晰地显示不存在就近修饰的问题

即便如此，我们也没有足够的理由否定E。关于上面提到的E的时态问题，我觉得E中的killed是作分词直接修饰ones，表示一种状态，跟时态毫无关系。请大牛指点

本例中dash后明确指明了同位语的修饰对象，在没有指明的情况下容易造成歧义，如本题。

看了这么多页帖子以后贡献一下微薄的看法，这道题目区分正误的关键在于符号使用。

1、符号使用。

从上述帖子中找到一些可以参考的信息：

这是破折号用法摘自"How to prepare for the California state university writing proficiency exams")
Dash:
The main function of the dash, like parentheses, is to enclose emphasized information within a sentence. Dashes are more forceful and should be used sparingly, since they high-light the ideas and items they enclose.
Use dashes to indicate hesitation, or a sudden break in thought or sentence structure, or to set off appositives and other explanatory or parenthetical elements. The dash adds emphasis to any part of a sentence that can be separated from the rest of the sentence.
Example: The skydiver--in spite of his broken leg--set a new record for endurance.
Some specific uses of the dash follow:
1. To interrupt continuity of prose
Example: "I really can't tolerate--Well, never mind."
2. To emphasize appositives
Example: The items she had asked for in the new car--tape deck,mileage computer, stick shift--were all included.
3. To set off phrases or clauses containing commas.
When a modifier itself contains commas, dashes can make its boundaries clear.
Example: General Motors--which has manufactured tanks, cannons, and mobile cranes--has always been far more than an automobile assembler.
4. To set off parenthetical elements
Example: The child was sitting--actually sprawling--at his desk.

另外，去除符号因素后，我认为这道题与强调对象有关，即如下2句：

Seven people this century have been killed by the great white shark, the man-eater of the movies, fewer than have been killed by bee stings.

Only seven people this century have been killed by the great white shark, the man-eater of the movies, fewer than the ones killed by bee stings.

综上，我认为是E。

Salome

以下是引用tulipmontreal在2004-7-3 18:27:00的发言：

National Geographic documentaries and movies such as "Jaws"
have fed people's fears of shark attacks for decades...fears
of the Great White Shark.

Such fears, however, are largely unfounded.  According to
Nature Publishing Group, "Only seven people this century have
been killed by the Great White Shark, the man-eater of the
movies -- fewer than the number killed by bee stings."

B非常正确!

偶怎么觉得原文和E比较象啊,除了那个破折号