OG 12th Diagnostic Test 49

yuki9293

ranks 在这里应该是“（群体的）成员”的意思，actors whose ranks included就是演员这个群体的成员包括MB和RDN

cc_mm

如果是这两个选项做对比:
(B) Stella Adler, one of the most influential artists in the American theater, trained several generations of actors who included
(C) Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the American theater, training several generations of actors whose ranks included

可以选(B)吗？

taohui2014

回LS：我认为改后B仍不对。按照语义理解，who还是应该修饰generations,因为generations of actors 中心词还是generations。 而且，最后的理由是整个句意强调重心改变

sprinttime

我认为several generations of actors who/whose...中的who和whose都应该是就近修饰的actors

我之前也觉得应该是修饰中心词generations，但是大家可以用google精确查找一下（加上双引号），比如我用下面的关键字查找出了很多英文书里面的原句：

“a class of students whose”

列一个例子在下面：

there has been a class of students whose major interest has been outside of mechanical engineering...

这里class是中心词，但是whose却是修饰的students。类似的例子还有很多，大家可以自己去试一下。

Jagabee

同意楼上说的 who/whose应该修饰actor 这样就说得通OG认为选项A中including用法错误是因为several generations of actors including, 现在分词修饰noun phase 'generations of actors", 而generations included M.D & R.D.N 并不恰当. 相反, several generations of actors whose....修饰的是actors, actors including M.D & R.D.N 就符合逻辑多了.

关于选项A, 我不认为who因为就近theater就有修饰它的嫌疑, 无论是从语法还是句意上都不可能产生此推断, 感觉出题者并无此意.
包括这套模拟题的43题，.....the proportion of the judfes and partners at major law firms WHO are women has not risen comparably. 位置而言, who离“firm"更近，但并无修饰firm的嫌疑而是修饰”PARTNERS at major law firms."
要是选择A中的who有修饰上的歧义，那也应该是因为根据句意，它似乎可以修饰one(aka Stella Adler, 成立）也可以修饰influential artists (不成立).

yangmuhua89757

Jagabee 发表于 2015-5-23 23:37
同意楼上说的 who/whose应该修饰actor 这样就说得通OG认为选项A中including用法错误是因为several generati ...

同意你说的who修饰没有问题 但是感觉A选项including修饰actor 题中的意思是想要修饰generations所以换成C whose ranks include更加合适 因为曼哈顿上说定语从句可以跳跃of结构修饰前面的名词 open to discuss!

Jagabee

yangmuhua89757 发表于 2016-8-17 21:22
同意你说的who修饰没有问题 但是感觉A选项including修饰actor 题中的意思是想要修饰generations所以换成C ...

重新看回这道题, 我觉得选项A的主要问题还是在于who. 虽然没有修饰theater的嫌疑, 但是它即可指SA也可指artists, 改变句意.

你说的including也是一个问题, 好像理解为generations或actors都可以. 这个也是我回头看觉得排掉b有点困难, 因为这个include指的对象是generation而不是actor是根据句子的intended meaning来的. 原题的提示就在于它选择的演员, 搁中国就是不说新生代演员跟你强调”李小龙,"“洪金宝” 很快就会反应过来.

这道题感觉作为non-native speaker读第一次容易抓不到exact intended meaning, 容易在语法上钻牛角尖, 或者过快地错误排除不熟悉的用法. Ron大神也说了if you have to figure out the meaning in retrospect - after noticing a split, then that's a failure of step one. 所以这道题还是对句意的把握要求比较高.

yangmuhua89757

Jagabee 发表于 2016-10-1 20:31
重新看回这道题, 我觉得选项A的主要问题还是在于who. 虽然没有修饰theater的嫌疑, 但是它即可指SA也可指a ...

貌似明白你的意思了 你的意思是who歧义可以修饰SA 说SA是培养了很多人包括。。。。 也可以说SA是有影响力的艺术家，这些艺术家培养了很多人包括。。。谢谢你的回复 收获很大！

adsdsd

HyeHye 发表于 2013-9-22 07:01
对于前辈们的解释，在这里总结一下:
A Stella Adler was one of the most influential artists in the Amer ...

透彻的分析！

fesche

个人浅见：首先B不对的地方并不是因为 “trained several generations of actors who include” who修饰的是generations而不是actors，好比 A of B that， that可以修饰A或者B，具体要看句意，如果AB单复数不一致看that后面的谓语决定。

这里的问题是actors who include的逻辑用法。引用一下RON在论坛对include用法的解释：

if you say "tools that include X", then X is A COMPONENT of the tools. so, for instance, "tools that include a bottle opener" means that a bottle opener is one of many attachments.

on the other hand, "tools(,) including X" implies that X is ONE OF the tools. so, for instance, "tools(,) including a bottle opener" means that the bottle opener itself is one of the tools in question.

同理，actors who include 这里的用法是上述的第一种，include后面的内容是actors的属性。

Beathegmat里面的解释是：
B is incorrect for one of my favorite reasons - it's illogical. The GMAT has evolved to include more of these logic/accuracy errors (instead of adding new grammatical categories as it adds difficulties), and your job here is to check to see if the sentence actually makes sense.

"actors who include" would indicate that the actors themselves have Marlon Brando and Robert DeNiro. But the actors are Brando and DeNiro - they don't possess them.

希望对大家有帮助