讨论几道语法题

mudiduange

   1、Scientists have recently discovered what could be the
largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant
fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and
rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore
some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than
30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.
(A) extending
(B) extends
(C) extended
(D) it extended
(E) is extending
 这道题我是通过extending前的and 来进行判断，我发现它只可能对应spawned，但根据语义，这个fungus 现在还应该是存在的，如果选extended也好想说不通。如何判断C\A哪个更好呢？

 2、In 1713, Alexander Pope began his translation of the
Iliad, a work that, taking him seven years until
completion, and that literary critic Samuel Johnson,
Pope's contemporary, pronounced the greatest
translation in any language.
(A) his translation of the Iliad, a work that, taking
him seven years until completion, and that
literary critic Samuel Johnson, Pope's
contemporary, pronounced
(B) his translation of the Iliad, a work that took him
seven years to complete and that literary critic
Samuel Johnson, Pope's contemporary,
pronounced
(C) his translation of the Iliad, a work that had taken
seven years to complete and that literary critic
Samuel Johnson, Pope's contemporary,
pronounced it as
(D) translating the Iliad, a work that took seven
years until completion and that literary critic
Samuel Johnson, Pope's contemporary,
pronounced it as
(E) translating the Iliad, a work that had taken seven
years to complete and literary critic Samuel
Johnson, Pope's contemporary, pronounced it
 在做本题时，我直接通过句子完整性排除A，根据语义应该是开始翻译，不是开始正在翻译，排除DE，那么在BC比较，我判断不出来了，C后面pronounced it as，我觉得更完整，B前面work应该是被翻译，不是自己翻译，这样看B又好点，到底如何判断呢？

3、Many of the earliest known images of Hindu deities
in India date from the time of the Kushan Empire,
fashioned either from the spotted sandstone of
Mathura or Gandharan grey schist.
(A) Empire, fashioned either from the spotted
sandstone of Mathura or
(B) Empire, fashioned from either the spotted
sandstone of Mathura or from
(C) Empire, either fashioned from the spotted
sandstone of Mathura or
(D) Empire and either fashioned from the spotte
sandstone of Mathura or from
(E) Empire and were fashioned either from the
spotted sandstone of Mathura or from
这道题，正确答案是E，但我在看的时候发现E选项and 前面是date from,后面是were fashioned from，明显两个时代不一致，我一上来就排除掉了，这样做有什么问题呢？

GraceZhou

extend只用主动不用被动

GraceZhou

D\E不应该那么排除把， begin doing是正确的用法，在PREP中也有例题。我认为C、E错误的原因是时态，had done 是发生在did之前的，在本题中也就是说“完成发生在开始之前”，所以必错

D选项until的用法不正确呀，sth take sb sometime to 。。。是正确的用法啊，涉及不到主被动吧

所以我选B

GraceZhou

3、单从either from or from 一个语法点就能得到E啊
而且主动和被动是可以并列的，只是说明和主语的逻辑关系不同，在G语法中多有例题，像本贴的第一题不就是吗
而且我认为时态不应该是排除选项的唯一依据

GraceZhou

而且我建议楼主，遇到有固定搭配的题先用固定搭配排除几个选项，简单的题会用这一个语法点直接得到正确答案，即使难一点的也能排除下去至少2个选项（以我的做题经验）

mudiduange

谢谢，可我对第一和第三还是有点不明白：
1、extend如果只能用主动，那为什么不能是extends呢？
3、你说的固定搭配确实很有效，只是我看到时代也觉得很明显。呵呵，一个事一般现在时，一个是过去时，我感觉就不能平行，呵呵

3、单从either from or from 一个语法点就能得到E啊
而且主动和被动是可以并列的，只是说明和主语的逻辑关系不同，在G语法中多有例题，像本贴的第一题不就是吗
而且我认为时态不应该是排除选项的唯一依据

-- by 会员 GraceZhou (2010/6/18 15:19:05)

小伊YSY

1、Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant
fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore
some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.
(A) extending
(B) extends
(C) extended
(D) it extended
(E) is extending
我查了一下，这道题应该选A
平行原则主要有4点：形式对称，概念对等，功能相同，含义单一
这里首先不能用extended，因为原句想表示的是一种进行并持续的状态
用extended感觉很像这蘑菇已经灭绝了= =
所以不用它

因为形式对称做不到，就要保证功能相同
这里和划线部分平行的是spawned，分词
因为该选同为分词的extending
这样一来，意思也会是正确的

GraceZhou

SPAWNED AND EXTENDING 共同做定语修饰 tentacles ，做定语的是-ing或者-ed形式，do的形式不对

fashion（v）：做成。。。的形状、塑造；“被塑造”是发生在过去的动作，而date from 说的是一个客观事实或者说结论所以用现在时

silent7706

我做这个题目的时候倒是卡壳在 A)extending 跟 B)extends 之间。哪位同学有什么心得排除B)可以分享下？谢谢。