GWD，求助，太无法理解了

luyiqing

41. GWD21-Q41:

The Environmental Protection Agency’s proposal to place restrictions on both diesel fuel and diesel engines has sparked a counterattack by the oil industry, saying that the move will exacerbate the nation’s fuel supply problems.

1. on both diesel fuel and diesel engines has sparked a counterattack by the oil industry, saying
   
   
2. on both diesel fuel and engines have sparked the oil industry to counterattack, and they say
   
   
3. on both diesel fuel and diesel engines has sparked a counterattack by the oil industry, which says
   
   
4. both on diesel fuel and engines has sparked the oil industry to a counterattack, saying
   
   
5. both on diesel fuel and diesel engines have sparked the oil industry to counterattack, and it says
   答案选C，为什么呢？我想选A
   
   

jtrchina

逗号+现在分词修饰有歧义：从语法上讲，
(1)选项A中saying的发出者即可以是The Environmental Protection Agency’s proposal 也可以是 oil industry
(2)Ing表伴随状态，which says强调结果，强调oil industry说过什么，而saying强调说的过程，Somewhat awkward

myungryong

由that the move will exacerbate the nation’s fuel supply problems可以看出 say的这个动作的发出者应该是 oil industry 但选A saying 动作的发出这是 proposal

luyiqing

OK,I see.

阿盖

摘自 Manhattan 论坛。 个人觉得解释得很好：

the "comma + ing" modifier should only be used when:

(A)
it MODIFIES THE ENTIRE ACTION of the preceding clause, and it APPLIES TO THE SUBJECT of that clause;

AND

(B)
one of the following is true:
(1) the "ing" action is SIMULTANEOUS with the main action;
- i ran down the sidewalk, flapping my arms wildly
(2) the "ing" action is a DIRECT CONSEQUENCE of the main action.
- i got a 100 on the most recent exam, bringing my average up to 91