求助一道to do的歧义问题。PREP2 150

venus2elva

150。Hydrocarbons, with which fruit flies perfume themselves in species-specific blends, are known to be important in courtship, and apparently this assists flies that taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates to distinguish their own species from that of others.

(A) and apparently this assists flies that taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates to distinguish their own species from that of

(B) and apparently this assists flies when they taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates in distinguishing their own species from those of

(C) which apparently assists flies that taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates in being able to distinguish their own species from

(D) apparently assisting flies to taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates to distinguish their own species from those of

(E) apparently assisting flies that taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates in distinguishing their own species from

D。assist习语搭配不正确；选项改变了原句的动受关系：to taste作assist的受词，to distinguish作taste的受词，完全改变了句子意思；those没有指代对象，即使改为that，也不正确

错选D，正确为E。看解释已明白those of不正确。仍然困惑的是关于 to do的问题。to taste作assist的受词，to distinguish作taste的受词，完全改变了句子意思，这句解释有些不明白。为什么完全改变了句子意思。。。

求指教。多谢。

单纯讨论to do与that用法区别的问题，再问一例

147。Australian embryologists have found evidence that suggests that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal, and its trunk originally evolved as a kind of snorkel.

(A) that suggests that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal, and its trunk originally evolved

(B) that has suggested the elephant descended from an aquatic animal, its trunk originally evolving

(C) suggesting that the elephant had descended from an aquatic animal with its trunk originally evolving

(D) to suggest that the elephant has descended from an aquatic animal and its trunk originally evolved

(E) to suggest that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal and that its trunk originally evolved

      为什么这里用to do 而不用that...

venus2elva

＝ ＝ help

hughlv

大概讲一下我的理解吧。assist sb. to do sth.也不能算是绝对的语法错误，但是要保证逻辑是正确的，因为to do sth.这样的不定式是表目的的，即assist sb.的目的是to do sth.。而且这种表目的的不定式逻辑主语与assist应该是一致的。相比较而已，assist sb. in doing sth.择优非常不同的含义，表过程而非目的，而且doing sth.的逻辑主语是这里面被assisted的sb.而不是assist的发起者。lz大概体会一下吧。我觉得区别还是挺明显的。

研究一下150这道题，Hydrocarbons assist fruit flies in distinguishing from ...，distinguish的主语是fruit flies，如果用to distinguish的话，distinguish的逻辑主语就变成了Hydrocarbon，这就讲不通了。

在我看来，147这道题的错误并不是用that还是to do，因为embryologists和evidence都可以作为suggest的主语。A里面的错误是逗号以及后跟的and its trunk ...。这个逗号和and使后面的句子与前面的embryologists have found平行了，导致了its没有指代对象，而且破坏了原句的含义，即这部分也是suggest的内容之一。

归根到底，理解逻辑还是很重要的。

venus2elva

大概讲一下我的理解吧。assist sb. to do sth.也不能算是绝对的语法错误，但是要保证逻辑是正确的，因为to do sth.这样的不定式是表目的的，即assist sb.的目的是to do sth.。而且这种表目的的不定式逻辑主语与assist应该是一致的。相比较而已，assist sb. in doing sth.择优非常不同的含义，表过程而非目的，而且doing sth.的逻辑主语是这里面被assisted的sb.而不是assist的发起者。lz大概体会一下吧。我觉得区别还是挺明显的。

研究一下150这道题，Hydrocarbons assist fruit flies in distinguishing from ...，distinguish的主语是fruit flies，如果用to distinguish的话，distinguish的逻辑主语就变成了Hydrocarbon，这就讲不通了。

在我看来，147这道题的错误并不是用that还是to do，因为embryologists和evidence都可以作为suggest的主语。A里面的错误是逗号以及后跟的and its trunk ...。这个逗号和and使后面的句子与前面的embryologists have found平行了，导致了its没有指代对象，而且破坏了原句的含义，即这部分也是suggest的内容之一。

归根到底，理解逻辑还是很重要的。

-- by 会员 hughlv (2010/4/15 10:09:05)

醍醐灌顶，万分感谢。

齐小悕

二楼解释的真清晰！！感谢此帖！！！

jaze

大概讲一下我的理解吧。assist sb. to do sth.也不能算是绝对的语法错误，但是要保证逻辑是正确的，因为to do sth.这样的不定式是表目的的，即assist sb.的目的是to do sth.。而且这种表目的的不定式逻辑主语与assist应该是一致的。

-- by 会员 hughlv (2010/4/15 10:09:05)

这里不是很明白，是说这种表目的的不定式的逻辑主语与assist的主语应该是一致的，对吧？但是我见过
I ask the teacher to explain the difficult problem. 这里的to explain的逻辑主语是teacher啊， 不是 I 啊， 求指正

aqiu41

我觉得在assist sb. to do中，to do 应该作宾补，不是目的状语。但是longman说 assist sb. to do是不正确的
刚查的longman：
Assist is a formal word, and means to help someone by doing part of the work for them, especially the things that are not very important

? Would you be kind enough to assist me in a small experiment?
!! Do not say 'assist someone to do something'. Say assist someone with something or assist someone in doing something.

安猪

hughlv 发表于 2010-4-15 10:09
大概讲一下我的理解吧。assist sb. to do sth.也不能算是绝对的语法错误，但是要保证逻辑是正确的，因为to  ...

同意！