大全101，885 sec2-15；答案看不懂

tianwan

101.Although the Supreme Court ruled as long ago as 1880 that Blacks could not be excluded outright from jury service, nearly a century of case-by-case adjudication has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be drawn from “a fair cross section of the community.”
(A) has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(B) was necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being
(C) was to be necessary in developing and enforcing the principle of all juries to be
(D) is necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(E) will be necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being
此题已讨论过，答案是A。但我觉得B应该是答案。

1，nearly a century并没有指明终点是现在，所以不能证明现在完成时。只能证明过去时。

2，我们说it is necessary (for somebody) to do something不定式做主语，但是sth is necessary for （doing）sth（不定式不可能做主语，没有it作形式主语）。

3，of短语是可以做同位语的，所以principle of all juries beinn blabla.是可以的。请参阅《高级英语语法，薄冰》P473,474，和《新编英语语法，章振邦》P1362，

一家之言，请指正。

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-4-5 12:07:09编辑过]

snow_mountain

以下是引用tianwan在2004-4-5 12:04:00的发言：

101.Although the Supreme Court ruled as long ago as 1880 that Blacks could not be excluded outright from jury service, nearly a century of case-by-case adjudication has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be drawn from “a fair cross section of the community.”
(A) has been necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(B) was necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being
(C) was to be necessary in developing and enforcing the principle of all juries to be
(D) is necessary to develop and enforce the principle that all juries must be
(E) will be necessary for developing and enforcing the principle of all juries being
此题已讨论过，答案是A。但我觉得B应该是答案。

1，nearly a century并没有指明终点是现在，所以不能证明现在完成时。只能证明过去时。

嘻嘻，我猜这个句子是1980左右写的。其实语态可以从前面一句话中猜出，早在....， 但是现在仍然需要.....

2，我们说it is necessary (for somebody) to do something不定式做主语，但是sth is necessary for （doing）sth（不定式不可能做主语，没有it作形式主语）。

同意你对necessary for 的看法。

3，of短语是可以做同位语的，所以principle of all juries beinn blabla.是可以的。请参阅《高级英语语法，薄冰》P473,474，和《新编英语语法，章振邦》P1362，

principle of 没问题，但是后面的being 后问题。根据EST的看法，这种of sth being 的结构显然不如 that 从句表达清晰。

一家之言，请指正。

所以还是A。

weiyu

以下是引用bryony在2004-4-5 12:27:00的发言：

2，我们说it is necessary (for somebody) to do something不定式做主语，但是sth is necessary for （doing）sth（不定式不可能做主语，没有it作形式主语）。

同意你对necessary for 的看法。

我觉得这里是个倒装句．

adjudication to develop....principle that.... has been necessary是原来的语序．其中to develop...是个修饰成分（本人语文的语法就很差，从来搞不清什么定状补）不知对否？？？

tianwan

adjudication不仅仅是为了develop和enfoce the priciple.作定语不好。

JerryGuan

以下是引用weiyu在2004-4-5 14:54:00的发言：

我觉得这里是个倒装句．

adjudication to develop....principle that.... has been necessary是原来的语序．其中to develop...是个修饰成分（本人语文的语法就很差，从来搞不清什么定状补）不知对否？？？

以下是引用tianwan在2004-4-5 15:00:00的发言：
adjudication不仅仅是为了develop和enfoce the priciple.作定语不好。

同意T的回答，这里的necessary的句子不是形式宾语it is necessary for sb. to do.不是倒装，就是这样的句子，没见过，就背下来。

第2楼：bryony 兄的回答实在太帅了。

jnlvo

sth. be necessary to do应该是可接受的，CR中有出现，例如：

1）Only regular exercise is necessary to decrease cholesterol levels in the bloodstream of individuals of average weight.

2） pilot training will become necessary to compensate for ordinary attrition.

dreadpower

   同意jnlvo，sth. be necessary to do这个用法很多，很熟悉。

   关于principle of ，我觉得ETS似乎不喜欢这样用，至少在principle 和theory后不能这样，that表示解释说明，of表示从属关系。猜测原因：这可能就是表达的有效性，of表达上有歧义，到底是从属还是同位的解释呢？？用that就没问题

   时态问题感觉比较难把握，总感觉ETS说那时态就那时态，总是它有理。不过这个问题，我觉得还是用完成时态。因为nearly a century of case-by-case adjudication是一个时间段发生的事件，而不是一个时间点发生的事件

tianwan

Thanks for the answers. I got them.

tony6

WOW，问答都是斑竹，成峰会了，不过，真是有收获。

hhjc

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