请教GWD10 的语法问题

gmatziyu

请问为什么答案是C 不是E呢？

The results of the company’s cost- cutting measures are evident in its profits, which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell over the last two years.
A. which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell
B. which had increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it had fallen
C. which have increased five percent during the first three months of this year after falling
D. with a five percent increase during the first three months of this year after falling
E. with a five percent increase during the first three months of this year after having fallen

enkyklios

我做过一个关于with的总结，里边正好有这一题，我给你复制过来以供参考，

OG13-90 The results of the company's cost-cutting measures are evident in its profits, which increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it fell over the last two years.
(A) which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell
(B) which had increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it had fallen
(C) which have increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after falling C正确
(D) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after falling
(E) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after having fallen

D,E中after falling /having fallen都不对，因为在C after  falling ……它是省略了的状语从句，它的主语就是前边的which,但是在with结构中这种省略就完全没有办法理解了，或者只能理解成句子的主语---显然错误。但我重点说的不是这个，我认为即使没有after falling的错误，D和E的with用法也不对。

大家对照一下；我们看个例子；Village adopts budget with 1% tax increase 。（含有税收增长的预算）这个是正确的用法，我们可以说with 5 percent profits increase,也可以说with an 5 percent increases in profits，还可以说MPD reports striking profits with increase in sales
但是profits with increase 不行，
如果按定语来看；with结构它不是一个分词，它不能和修饰词是主谓的关系，它不能使profits自己增长起来（我突然就想起来一句话，叫不能拎着自己的头发离开地球）
如果按状语来看；随着增长这只是半句话，应该是随着某事某物的增长。

飞行2010

根据语意，应该是profits增加吧，那么用which可以比用with指代的清楚，逗号加介词短语如果语意没有问题的时候最好不要选。

gmatziyu

感觉这个前面应该用having fallen才对。。。为什么用falling 也可以呢....
with 从句仔细看了看也不好，因为after之前和之后的结构不对称，还是c好，除了那个falling不是很明白之外......

dengyichao

因为AB里的it不能指代复数名词profits

gracezz

感觉这个前面应该用having fallen才对。。。为什么用falling 也可以呢....
with 从句仔细看了看也不好，因为after之前和之后的结构不对称，还是c好，除了那个falling不是很明白之外......

-- by 会员 gmatziyu (2010/3/14 12:58:44)

我也对这点有疑惑。。。。

recoupsin

1.不选E的原因是，e把定语从句变成了with+N+介词短语的独立主格结构，而独立主格结构是做状语的，修饰主句，表示伴随原因，状态，条件等。要知道，没有合理的理由，定语和状语是最好不要乱变的。并且，after having fallen 是状语从句的省略形式。有两种找逻辑主语的方式，我就不多说了。总之在e中找不到逻辑主语。
2.选C好是因为，have increased 和fall 表明了时间的先后顺序，并且这种没有用逗号隔开的状语从句省略形式的逻辑主语就是就近动词的逻辑主语。所以说没有逻辑上和语法上的错误。另外说一点，如果状语从句的省略形式前面有逗号隔开，比如.... , after falling.这种，那么他的逻辑主语就是主句的主语。

fox2fox

here GMAT use 'after falling over the last two year ' as a whole modifier of Profits

terryhan

OG解释：
This sentence describes two sequentially ordered indicators by which the results of a company’s costcutting measures can be seen. The first indicator to be identified, a five percent increase in profits, occurred after the indicator mentioned next. The sentence therefore needs to clarify the sequence by presenting the first-identified indicator in a clause with a verb tense that indicates a later time period than the verb tense in the clause presenting the second-identifi ed indicator. The subject of the relative clause, which, refers to the plural noun profi ts, so subsequent pronouns referring to these profi ts must also be plural.
A The verb tenses do not distinguish between the times at which these indicators occurred; the singular it does not agree with the plural profits.
B The verb tenses do not distinguish between the times when the indicators occurred; the
singular it does not agree with the plural profits.
C Correct. The verb tenses clearly indicate the sequence of events.
D It is not clear what connection is being described by with; the prepositional phrase
makes the sentence wordy and unclear.
E It is not clear what connection is being described by with; the prepositional phrase
makes the sentence wordy and unclear.
解释：increased发生在fell之后，所以A中fell时态不对。B当中had increase和had fallen时态错误。D/E当中的with引导的独立主格结构错误。

yjh880424

A. which increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it fell
B. which had increased five percent during the first three months of this year after it had fallen
C. which have increased five percent during the first three months of this year after falling
那个after 是个介词  后面不可能接完整的句子的 所以a b 错 还有就是感觉那个 during the first three months of this year  是一个现在完成时的时间标志词 具体可以看一下白勇的书

tuscan

直接选C