OG12-6 请教代词的指代问题

babybearmm

这贴子说due to=cause by
这肯定不对。GMAT always takes LITERAL meanings of this type of words.
"due to"/"because of" should describe a causal relationship
"caused by" does not... rather, it emphasizes the way/method/approach

但是这贴子说的due to和because of的区别是对的。

还是看上面一位同学引用的关于due to的英文解释好了，正解。这里的原因，不是一个词moisture能表达的，而是moisture do sth....

还可以推而广之，because of / due to 后面必须跟noun（可以加上noun modifier）
而这个noun必须是逻辑上能够作为原因的

所以，以后看到类似什么because of "apples", because of "a person"，一般说来就可以排除了。从逻辑上讲，一个实物怎么能作为原因呢？
能跟在because of / due to 后面的noun，一般都需要是某种抽象名词，能够从逻辑上作为原因的：
result, equation, law, rule, statement, estimation, expectation, increase/decrease, effect, .... 自己举例子吧



btw:上面那位同学贴的英文解释，感觉很像Ron@Manhattan的风格，不过我google搜不到原话了，莫非原贴子被删了？其实我以上说的，就是Ron讲过的。

Due to means "cause by". It shoud only be used if it can be substituted with "caused by". It does not mean the same thing as "because of ",
Incorrect: The game was postponed due to rain.
Correct: The game was postponed because of rain.
Correct: The game's postponement was due to rain.
以后再遇到due to只要把它换成我们熟悉的caused by就清楚多了
此题前面有were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair，所以不用due to

-- by 会员 Jasonhere (2010/3/14 10:48:30)

louislyn

这个说法，我认为不对，这题碰巧而已。
还是看上面一位同学引用的英文解释好了，正解。这里的原因，不是一个词moisture能表达的，而是moisture do sth....

还可以推而广之，because of / due to 后面必须跟noun（可以加上noun modifier）
而这个noun必须是逻辑上能够作为原因的

所以，以后看到类似什么because of "apples", because of "a person"，一般说来就可以排除了。从逻辑上讲，一个实物怎么能作为原因呢？
能跟在because of / due to 后面的noun，一般都需要是某种抽象名词，能够从逻辑上作为原因的：
result, equation, law, rule, statement, estimation, expectation, increase/decrease, effect, .... 自己举例子吧

另外，这贴子说due to=cause by
这肯定不对。GMAT always takes LITERAL meanings of this type of words.
"due to"/"because of" should describe a causal relationship
"caused by" does not... rather, it emphasizes the way/method/approach


btw:上面那位同学贴的英文解释，感觉很像Ron@Manhattan的风格，不过我google搜不到原话了，莫非原贴子被删了？其实我以上说的，就是Ron讲过的。

Due to means "cause by". It shoud only be used if it can be substituted with "caused by". It does not mean the same thing as "because of ",
Incorrect: The game was postponed due to rain.
Correct: The game was postponed because of rain.
Correct: The game's postponement was due to rain.
以后再遇到due to只要把它换成我们熟悉的caused by就清楚多了
此题前面有were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair，所以不用due to

-- by 会员 Jasonhere (2010/3/14 10:48:30)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/27 21:14:04)

看到了！！恍然大悟！！！祝好成绩

babybearmm

纠正一下

我这个贴子里自己编的例子(the fund manager....)，应该用because of而不是due to，我改过来了

另外这道题，退一万步说，就算后面的原因能够归结为一个名词sth，也应该用because of sth，而不是due to sth，非常suttle的区别

因为前面部分是一个句子，而非一个名词。

http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/due-to-vs-because-of-t3081.html
http://www.beatthegmat.com/because-of-vs-due-to-t23121.html

“那么您认为due to （prep）后面跟的名词就直接是原因了，而conj的because后面加的那一句都是原因对吗？可以这么理解吗？谢谢”

对的。
可以推而广之，在GMAT里面：
because of sth doing .....
due to sth doing ....
based on sth doing ....
reply on sth doing .....
result in sth doing ....
...... （你可以自己举一些别的例子）....

这样的表达通常都是不被接受的

要从逻辑上理解，读者看到"because of sth doing ....." 这样的句子，会有以下两种理解：
1. "because of sth"    认为doing仅仅是补充修饰sth，可以忽略
2. "because sth do ...."  
以上两种理解都是justified，这样就造成了歧义。

即：如果你把"doing ..."去掉，写成"because of sth"是什么意思，对比你本来要用"because of sth doing ..."来表达的含义，如果逻辑含义改变了，那么就不行。

我编个例子吧 （我不是学经济的，要是说错了欢迎纠正）：

WRONG: The fund manager changes the portfolio because of the decreased interest rate stimulating economic growth.
Are you saying that the manager looks merely at the interest rate to make the decision? ( "stimulating economic growth" is just simply what the decreased interest rate does, which he doesn't care)
Or you are saying that the manager makes the decision because decreased interest rate stimulates economic growth?
So here is ambiguity.

那么先前我说，"because of sth doing..."这种结构 “通常” 是错的，什么时候正确呢？看下面（费了老大半天劲编例子.....我觉得GMAT里出现这样例子的可能性不太大吧）
CORRECT: The fund manager changes the portfolio because of the decreased interest rate appearing on the newspaper.
这里也是"because of sth doing...."的结构，但是区别在于，你把"appearing on the newspaper"去掉，并不会改变句子的原意。句子的逻辑意思很明确，because of the decreased interest rate.

那么现在你理解这道题的due to了吧：
1. "due to" in these two sentence is grammatical correct but has a logical flaw. The closure of the chamber is caused by the effect of the moisture not by the moisture itself.

IMO,

1. "due to" in these two sentence is grammatical correct but has a logical flaw. The closure of the chamber is caused by the effect of the moisture not by the moisture itself.


Usage of "due to" from OG correct sentences:


Unlike the premiums for auto insurance,the premiums for personal property coverage are not affected by the frequencyof claims, but if the insurance company is able toprove excessive loss due to owner negligence, it may decline to renew thepolicy.



2. The rule of "antecedent ambiguity fault" is so clear and critical as other rules. In this question, we can use other rules such as parallelism, verb tense, etc to eliminate other choices. The E is the best one though probably not flawless.

-- by 会员 alancui (2012/1/21 22:57:00)

继续提问呢
due to的解释是：because of sth
而because的解释是1    used when you are giving the reason for something
那么您认为due to （prep）后面跟的名词就直接是原因了，而conj的because后面加的那一句都是原因对吗？可以这么理解吗？谢谢

-- by 会员 louislyn (2012/1/27 19:42:34)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/27 20:46:48)

Icebringer

不知道自己想的对不对，请大神帮忙指正
within 是在....内的意思，那么C D E的them肯定都是指的 chambers了
不知道这样理解是否恰当~
个人观点哈~
而且within them 这个介宾短语，放到原因状语从句任何位置都没任何区别，所以我觉得them是不可能指tourists的~何况
出现的是by tourists

Icebringer

because of 后面如果跟的是the +n. 是不是就可以成立了
还有就是无意中曾在bing词典上看到过这个句子
Whenhetried to make areservation,hefound that the hotel that hewantedwascompletelyfilledbecause ofaconvention.
当他试图预定一个旅馆时他发现因为一个会议他要的旅馆已完全满了。

rx_11

不知道自己想的对不对，请大神帮忙指正
within 是在....内的意思，那么C D E的them肯定都是指的 chambers了
不知道这样理解是否恰当~
个人观点哈~
而且within them 这个介宾短语，放到原因状语从句任何位置都没任何区别，所以我觉得them是不可能指tourists的~何况
出现的是by tourists

-- by 会员 Icebringer (2012/4/20 21:33:41)

作为过来人，我想说的是千万不要纠结于OG的解释了。OG的解释其实并不好，非常会误导人。。不要再看OG的解释了。建议看看MANHATTANGMAT的解释，那个才是GMAT语法的圣经。就如此题，其实为什么排除ABCD是用别的知识点来排除的

babybearmm

不知道自己想的对不对，请大神帮忙指正
within 是在....内的意思，那么C D E的them肯定都是指的 chambers了
不知道这样理解是否恰当~
个人观点哈~
而且within them 这个介宾短语，放到原因状语从句任何位置都没任何区别，所以我觉得them是不可能指tourists的~何况
出现的是by tourists

-- by 会员 Icebringer (2012/4/20 21:33:41)

作为过来人，我想说的是千万不要纠结于OG的解释了。OG的解释其实并不好，非常会误导人。。不要再看OG的解释了。建议看看MANHATTANGMAT的解释，那个才是GMAT语法的圣经。就如此题，其实为什么排除ABCD是用别的知识点来排除的

-- by 会员 rx_11 (2012/5/11 14:06:44)

谢谢前辈~

FTKJ

Ron确实说过
"Due to"means"caused by"
甚至
If you can't replace "due to"with"caused by",then it's wrong.

Because of +实义名词，也有对的时候
Estelle was afraid to move because of a spider sitting on the wall.

cheesencat

Jasonhere 发表于 2010-3-14 10:48
Due to means "cause by". It shoud only be used if it can be substituted with "caused by". It does no ...

wooooooooow

cheesencat

babybearmm 发表于 2012-1-27 20:46
“那么您认为due to （prep）后面跟的名词就直接是原因了，而conj的because后面加的那一句都是原因对吗？可 ...

赞！。。。。。