求助 that these those it 等词的指代问题

w3d001

问题是这样的sc prep 2 34题

Besides adding complementary flavors to many foods, hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, just as exercise does, and these have a pain-relieving effect like morphine's.



(A) hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, just as exercise does, and these have a pain-relieving effect like morphine's

(B) hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, like exercise, and they have a pain-relieving effect that is like morphine

(C) hot sauces and exercise both stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, and they have a pain-relieving effect like morphine

(D) the release of endorphins in the brain is stimulated both by hot sauces and exercise, and they have a pain-relieving effect like morphine's

(E) the release of endorphins in the brain is stimulated by hot sauces, just as with exercise, and these have a pain-relieving effect like that of morphine

选a 但是不明白的地方是 and these have a effect。。。these在这里指代什么呢。BY语法里不是说these that 等词是不能单独做主语的吗？要和名词一起用才有意义such as: that boy

moonlolita

同问，选了A还是感觉有瑕疵，除非THESE可以单独用
可是BCDE都错的太离谱了

moonlolita

我也老急着排除THESE，但这样就很容易出问题，晕啊

zanyingsan

这里。。。these前面就一个复数啊。。。指代主语sauces

moonlolita

这个是的，但是以前一直以为these是不能单独指代东西的……

w3d001

从感觉（自己的感觉）上来讲 this is apple 。。。this 是可以做主语的。。。，但是从这题的角度来讲，只能是因为后面几个错的太离谱，同时前面又只有一个复数名词。。。。。但是还是希望有nn出现解答一下