大全888，求助

snow_mountain

1.                             Under the 1986 tax law, interest payments on a refinanced home loan are deductible only if the amount of the loan does not exceed the purchase price of the home, the cost of improvements, and any additional amount borrowed against the home to pay for medical or educational expenses.fficeffice" />

(A) any additional amount borrowed against the home to pay for medical or educational expenses

(B) borrowing any additional amount against the home for payment of medical or educational expenses

(C) also borrowing any additional amount against the home to pay for medical or educational expenses

(D) any additional payment of medical or educational expenses that were borrowed against the home

(E) any additional payment borrowed against the home for medical or educational expenses

    

答案A。谁能帮我比较一下ADE三个答案？完全没思路。

freedownload

我认为D肯定不对，that修饰谁说不清楚，A和E,I have no idea.


等待其他仁兄指点。

rt316

平行结构，and后必为名词结构，排除BC。
A中，borrowed引导分词做定语修饰amount，没有问题；
D中，borrowed作为定语从句的部分修饰expenses，修饰对象改变，且that were结构属于累赘，可以省略，所以D错；
E与A的差别在于A用了to pay for结构，强调了目的，而E的for无法表达这种意思，所以E错。

dansy

stoneren 分析得很好。


补充两点：
(1) 过去分词结构优于定语从句。所以D错。


(2)另外对E的解释还有就是borrowed修饰payment逻辑错误，可以借钱，即A中的amount, 借payment则不妥。

snow_mountain

以下是引用stoneren在2004-3-19 13:11:00的发言：
平行结构，and后必为名词结构，排除BC。
A中，borrowed引导分词做定语修饰amount，没有问题；
D中，borrowed作为定语从句的部分修饰expenses，修饰对象改变，且that were结构属于累赘，可以省略，所以D错；
E与A的差别在于A用了to pay for结构，强调了目的，而E的for无法表达这种意思，所以E错。

我在AE之间犹豫了很久，最后选错了。


我当时的想法是payment ....for 是固定结构，比较简练，现在想来不知道是不是for 离payment 太远，容易引起歧义。还有， borrow against 修饰payment 可不可以呢？

jnlvo

    borrow against 修饰payment 可不可以呢？


不可以，我认为意思不对。

philikittist

我开始也错选了E, 觉得E比A简洁，省了amount.


看来是正好中计，borrow payment 确实不妥。

snow_mountain

以下是引用pumpkin在2004-3-20 12:56:00的发言：
关于borrow against参考一下OG140

140. Declining values for farm equipment and land, the collateral against which farmers borrow to get through the harvest season, is going to force many lenders to tighten or deny credit this spring.

(A) the collateral against which farmers borrow to get through the harvest season, is

(B) which farmers use as collateral to borrow against to get through the harvest season, is

(C) the collateral which is borrowed against by farmers to get through the harvest season, is

(D) which farmers use as collateral to borrow against to get through the harvest season, are

(E) the collateral against which farmers borrow to get through the harvest season, are

In choices A, B, and C, the singular verb is does not agree with values, the subject of the sentence. Choices B, C, and D use awkward and wordy expressions. In B and D, the expression use as collateral to borrow against to get through... awkwardly juxtaposes two infinitives and is unnecessarily redundant, since use as collateral and borrow against have the same meaning. Choice C presents the wordy expression the collateral which is borrowed against by farmers to get through..., in which the passive verb creates an awkward and confusing construction. Choice E, the best answer, succinctly and clearly identifies the Declining values as the collateral against which farmers borrow and correctly uses the plural verb are. Collateral: 抵押品fficeffice" />

查了longman, 居然没有borrow against.    


用法可否总结为：borrow sth (eg:some money) against sth (collateral)

snow_mountain

同意这种观点。不过感觉还是可以在理解意思的基础上，当成词组来记住。

amadan

查against ,有交换，抵付的意思，所以borrow against的含义自然明了