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251.
(29626-!-item-!-188;#058&004307) (GWD-1-Q29)
Faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places have been cited by a new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, which estimated that they did not count 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast. A. Faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places have been cited by a new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, which
estimated that they did not count 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast. B. Citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, a new study of the 2000 United States presidential election has estimated that 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast were not counted. C. Citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast were not counted in the 2000 United States presidential election, a new study estimates. D. A new study has cited faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places in estimating that 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes that were cast had not been counted in the 2000 United States presidential election. E. A new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, has estimated 4 million to 6 million votes had not been counted of the 100 million votes cast. 这一题做错了，搜讨论历史发现没有，那我来开个帖子吧 在google上搜了一下，别的网站上讨论过，我参考一下来分析，大家看看分析是否正确 A:which应指代study,不应指代election;they指代不清 B:正确 C:分次citing的逻辑主语变成了4 million to 6 million ，错 D:我错选了D，看他们讨论基本是认为不应该用过去完成时 E:过去完成时错；estimated后面的宾语从句后面少了引导词that 附几个外网的解释： 搜到的新东方的王少华老师的解释：A的they指代不清楚，C的Citing是分词省略结构，主语应该是study。D错误地使用了过去完成时had not been counted，E的estimated后面的宾语从句后面少了引导词that。 一个外国人的解释： A. which has no concrete reference, and they is vague.
B.
Correct Choice.
C.
Wrong verb tense and the use of “a new study estimates” at the end is awkward.
D.
Votes that, had not been are redundant.
E.
Had not been is not correct. 另一个外国人的详细解释：D/E的思路跟上面不同，我没看明白 a.) Faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places have been cited by a new study of the 2000 United Stated presidential election, which estimated that they did not count 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast.
the "which" is suboptimal here, because it may also be taken to modify the election itself. i'm not sure, though, whether the gmat would label it as outright wrong.
by far the most grievous error in this choice is "they", which doesn't refer to anything. it's also among the easiest things to spot, too; basically, you should keep a close eye on ANY pronoun that you see in a sentence.
Quote: b.) Citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at pollingplaces, a new study of the 2000 United States presidential election has estimated that 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast were not counted.
correct answer.
the initial subject-less modifier modifies the immediately following noun (a new study), as required.
there are no pronoun problems.
Quote: c.) Citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes cast were not counted in the 2000 United States presidential election, a new study estimates.
the initial modifier doesn't have a subject, so it is attributed to the immediately following noun. unfortunately, in this case the immediately following noun is "4m to 6m of the ... votes", which makes no sense.
the placement of "cast" vis-à-vis "in the election" also doesn't make sense here; those two are dissociated from each other. the wording of the sentence seems to imply that the votes were simply "cast" - not in this or that election, but just "cast" - and that they simply "weren't counted in the 2000 election". the literal interpretation is that the votes may still have counted in some other election.
analogy:
many of the drinks at the party were not consumed --> nobody drank them, ever.
many of the drinks were not consumed at the party --> they may have been consumed later.
same problem.
Quote: d.) A new study has cited faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places in estimating that 4 million to 6 million of the 100 million votes that were cast had not been counted in the 2000 United States presidential election.
the biggest problem is the relative placement of "cast" vis-à-vis "in the election", described in detail for choice (c) above.
"that were" is also wordy and can be removed without consequence.
Quote: e.) A new study of the 2000 United States presidential election, citing faulty voting equipment, confusing ballots, voter error, and problems at polling places, has estimated 4 million to 6 million votes had not been counted of the 100 million votes cast.
when a subject phrase contains a prepositional modifier, you can't insert the verb between the noun and the modifier. at best it's nonsensical (as in this example), and at worst it changes the meaning of the sentence:
my friend from florida came to the bar --> he's originally from florida
my friend came to the bar from florida --> 3000 miles is a long, long way to go for some beers.
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发表于 2009-8-20 08:23:00
楼主
发表于 2009-10-17 23:37:00
