OG12-6 代词指代 NN们来指条明路

tony171717

in the late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repair due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls. 

a. ...

b. due to moisture that tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallize

c. because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize

d. because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize

e. because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing

终于打完了。。。 累死了。。。 现在来说问题。。。

根据平行原则不难选出答案为E。但OG对them指代的解释让我很困惑

在解释CD错误的时候，the pronoun them seems to refer to tourists, which is nonsensical

可是解释E对的时候，them clearly refers to chambers

我就不知道了 为什么同样tourists 都在them 的前面 前面CD就是错误指代 而E就正确指代。。

大家讨论下哈~

raphael1234

我也对OG这里的指代解释不是很明白,但是其他几个选项的错误我思考了一下:

A:such...so that结构错.另外想问下,which在这里是指代moisture还是指代tourists?还有due to+名词+名词修饰语的结构总觉得不够简洁)

B:due to后面的内容跟thereby后面的内容是先后关系,不用现在分词

C:从意思上看,which从句指代的是前面because后面的整个内容(即原因),但是原则上来说,which是不能指代整个句子的

D:额...我理解的跟LZ一样,本来试图用"代词只能指代中心词,不能指代修饰语"来解释,但是后来发现E中的tourist和D中的结构一样,茫然ing

继续讨论

tony171717

是的是的 楼上想法跟我完全一致。。。

lijiahui0422

解释是有些问题...我也不太理解，但是其它选项的错误还是比较明显的，D because of 后面只跟短语，要表达复杂的内容时用从句

tony171717

对啊 选是选的出 但是这个代词指代的问题把我又弄混了。。。

sprins

不明白them的解释

william0693

我是觉得：

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a. ...due to moisture exhaled by tourists, which raised its humidity to such levels so that salt from the stone was crystallizing and fungus was growing on the walls.

离which最近的是 tourists，而应该是moisture raised the chamber's humidity, 所以 A which 指代错误 

b. due to moisture that tourists had exhaled, thereby raising its humidity to such levels that salt from the stone would crystallize

i原文是要指chamber的humidity 太高，而这里用its，指代错误

c. because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize

which 指代 moisture，正确，但是 them 有歧义，them 可以指代tourists，或者chambers

 

d. because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize

使用了because of 结构，但是并没有让句子结构简单反而更加复杂，所以不好；而且 them 有歧义，

because of 后面句子结构：

应该是

because of moisture （that was exhaled by tourists） raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize

但是有歧义：

because of moisture （that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize）

因为because of 可以直接加一个noun，表原因。则上句就变成了 tourists 是  raising the humidity 的逻辑主语，within them 修饰 tourists raising the humidity

所以D 不对

e. because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing

E，句子结构：

because moisture （exhaled by tourists） had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing

because 后面要用一个句子，所以后面是 moisture  主语，谓语 had raised ，宾语the humidity ，within them 。。。修饰成分，此时 them 不能指代 tourists，因为exhaled by tourists只是 moisture 的修饰成分，而代词指代指代中心词，所以往前看，只能指代前面主句的中心词chamber

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不知道理解的对不对。。。

sprins

以下是引用william0693在2009/8/17 23:27:00的发言：

c. because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize

which 指代 moisture，正确，但是 them 有歧义，them 可以指代tourists，或者chambers

 

d. because of moisture that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize

使用了because of 结构，但是并没有让句子结构简单反而更加复杂，所以不好；而且 them 有歧义，

because of 后面句子结构：

应该是

because of moisture （that was exhaled by tourists） raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize

但是有歧义：

because of moisture （that was exhaled by tourists raising the humidity within them to levels so high as to make the salt from the stone crystallize）

因为because of 可以直接加一个noun，表原因。则上句就变成了 tourists 是  raising the humidity 的逻辑主语，within them 修饰 tourists raising the humidity

所以D 不对

e. because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing

E，句子结构：

because moisture （exhaled by tourists） had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing

because 后面要用一个句子，所以后面是 moisture  主语，谓语 had raised ，宾语the humidity ，within them 。。。修饰成分，此时 them 不能指代 tourists，因为exhaled by tourists只是 moisture 的修饰成分，而代词指代指代中心词，所以往前看，只能指代前面主句的中心词chamber

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不知道理解的对不对。。。

偶觉得D的解释明白了 因为raising有修饰M和T的歧义 所以raising后的them究竟可不可以跳过(by T)指M 还是要就近T同样未知

那么C和E可以用pron指代中心词来区分么？做以前的PP似乎不能的呀，求问

william0693

C

because tourists were exhaling moisture, which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize

用一个that 代替which：

because tourists were exhaling moisture that had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize

很显然这时，them 可以指代 T，所以C 不对。

sprins

明白了 william0693的意思是C中的的结构是 SVO ，（because tourists were exhaling moisture, （which had raised the humidity within them to levels such that salt from the stone would crystallize）第三层）第二层

所以的三层中的pron除就近外也不能跨越第二层中的n(pl)而去指代第一层中主句里的n

E中 SVO ,because moisture  （exhaled
        by tourists） had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing

exhaled by tourists只是一个附加的修饰并不影响moisture+had raised 的部分