急求lzm语法改错中的几个问题！

elei1zu

我发现有几个问题解释得很不清楚，麻烦哪位高人指点一下！非常感谢！

有一题是：Based on accounts of various ancient writers,scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities of an all-female cult.

(A) Based on accounts of various ancient writers

(B) Basing it on various ancient writers' accounts

(C) With accounts of various ancient writers used for basis

(D) By the accounts of various ancient writers they used

(E) Using accounts of various ancient writers

我知道AB都是错的，但是C为什么不对呢？答案E为什么是最好的，有点不太明白，而且有一道题是

 Based on the growth rates of large modern reptiles such as...,scientists estimate...这个题答案选择on the basis of the growth rates作者的解释是介词+名词短语在句首不用考虑逻辑主语，那上面一道题C属不属于这种情况呢？

还有一题是Contrary to popular belief, victors in the ancient Greek Olympic Games received cash prizes in addition to their laurel wreaths.

(A) Contrary to

(B) In contrast to

(C) Opposite to

(D) Unlike

(E) In spite of

为什么只能选A，答案解释是主句主语必须与其他四个介词后面的名词属同类或对等，能帮解释一下吗？我对于哪些在句首不需要考虑逻辑主语的不太清楚，能帮我大概总结一下吗？不胜感激！！！

enrique1313

Based on the growth rates of large modern reptiles such as...,scientists estimate...这个题答案选择on the basis of the growth rates作者的解释是介词+名词短语在句首不用考虑逻辑主语，那上面一道题C属不属于这种情况呢？

不属于这种情况。WITH结构类似于独立主格结构的形式，与主句主语要形成紧密的逻辑关系。

一般如果使用with要紧跟修饰的成分，如果不是话容易形成歧义！

 With accounts of various ancient writers used for basis，scientists。。。

和scientists With accounts of various ancient writers used for basis。。。

所以错。

至于第二题

只有contrary to 是可以比较对象不对等的！

elei1zu

非常感谢啊，我终于了解了！