GWD18--Q41

suhuilin

Q41:

At the turn of the twentieth century, forest covering as much as 90 percent of Thailand and accommodating as many as 300,000 elephants, a third of them

 domesticated and performing various essential tasks.

正确答案为D

D. covered as much as 90 percent of Thailand and accommodated as many as 300,000 elephants, a third of them

E. covered as much as 90 percent of Thailand and accommodating as many as 300,000 elephants, with a third of them

请问E为何不正确，不能理解为with 引导的独立主格结构吗？

with 引导的独立主格与不用with 引导的独立主格就够有什么不同吗?

多谢！

songlovegt

with 引导的短语多用做伴随状语，与主句间用逗号隔开。
with 引导的短语也可做限制性定语修饰名词，但通常不用逗号可开。
这个题 a third of them domesticated and performing various essential tasks. 补充说明 elephants, with 没有必要。无歧义的前提下，简洁为佳。
这个结构和‘复数名词, each 引导的独立主格’ 一样

songlovegt

推荐一个关于 with 用法的帖子
http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardid=23&id=106038

suhuilin

以下是引用songlovegt在2009-3-26 23:29:00的发言：
with 引导的短语多用做伴随状语，与主句间用逗号隔开。
with 引导的短语也可做限制性定语修饰名词，但通常不用逗号可开。
这个题 a third of them domesticated and performing various essential tasks. 补充说明 elephants, with 没有必要。无歧义的前提下，简洁为佳。
这个结构和‘复数名词, each 引导的独立主格’ 一样

首先很是感谢。但是还收有些疑惑。看到PREP 破译中和白用语法中都有说过：独立主格结构共有3种：

引用prep破译中的：

1)一般独立主格,与主句形成松散的逻辑关系,形式为:

n．+ n.; n. + -ed/ing 形式; n. +
   介词短语;n. +形容词短语

2)with 型独立主格,与主句形成紧密的逻辑联系,形式为:

由“with
   ＋宾语＋宾补”构成的复合结构，在句中可作状语，表示伴随。这一结构中的宾语补足语

可由现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语等来充当

Visitors to the park have often looked into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the

branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline.   

3)each 型独立主格,强调句尾名词,形式为:

       句子 +
   复数名词结尾, each +
   介词短语/形容词短语/-ed 形式/-ing 形式。

那为何看到独立主格结构E不选而选择D呢?

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-27 21:19:50编辑过]

songlovegt

楼主还是应该理解何为与主句形成紧密的逻辑联系
以这个例子为例

Visitors to the park have often looked into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline.   

with 在这儿是有实际意义和功能的，with 的使用恰好表达了某种途径或手段，意思传达非常清晰

from Longman

3
using something or by means of something
Chop the onions with a sharp knife.

What will you buy with the money?

I amused myself with crossword puzzles. a hat decorated with brightly coloured feathers

这个题

At the turn of the twentieth century, forest covered as much as 90 percent of Thailand and accommodated as many as 300,000 elephants, a third of them
        domesticated and performing various essential tasks.

with 显然没有必要

另附所有with解释 from Longman

with / wɪð, wɪθ /
1
used to say that two or more people or things are together in the same place
I saw Bob in town with his girlfriend.Put this bag with the others.

I always wear these shoes with this dress.

Mix the powder with boiling water.

have/bring/take somebody/something with you
        

She had her husband with her.You'd better bring your passport with you.
2
having, possessing, or carrying something
a tall gentleman with a grey beard

a book with a green cover

a man with a gun

We need someone with bright new ideas.

Only people with plenty of money can afford to shop here.

She came back with a letter in her hand.
3
using something or by means of something
Chop the onions with a sharp knife.

What will you buy with the money?

I amused myself with crossword puzzles.

a hat decorated with brightly coloured feathers
see usage note by 1
4
because of a particular feeling or physical state
They were trembling with fear.

Jack beamed with pleasure when he heard the news.

I was too weak with hunger to cry.

Mother became seriously ill with pneumonia.
5
including
Two nights' accommodation with breakfast and evening meal cost us just over £250.
6
used to say what covers or fills something
Her boots were covered with mud.

Fill the bowl with sugar.

In summer Venice is crammed with tourists.
7
used to say what an action or situation is related to
We have a problem with parking in this area.

Be careful with that glass.

Is there something wrong with your phone?

How are you getting on with your studies, David?

Compared with other children of the same age, Robert is very tall.
8
used to say which person or thing someone has a particular feeling or attitude towards
I hope you're not angry with me.

He thinks he's in love with Diana.

She's delighted with her new car.

Don't get too friendly with your students.
9
supporting someone or sharing their opinion
ￚsee also for

Some opposition MPs voted with the Government.

You're either with me or against me. I'm with Harry all the way on this one.
10
used when talking about an action or activity to say which other person, group, or country is involved
Stop fighting with your brother!

I used to play chess with him.

It's a good idea to discuss the problem with a sympathetic teacher.

We're competing with foreign businesses.

Britain's trade with Japan She left home after an argument with her parents.
11
used to say how someone does something or how something happens
He prepared everything with great care.

A rocket exploded with a blinding flash.

'Oh, I'm not in a hurry,' I said with a smile.

The day starts with a great American breakfast.
12
used to say what position or state someone or something is in, or what is happening, when someone does something
She stood with her back to me.

We lay in bed with the window open.

She was knitting, with the television on.
with somebody/something doing something
We jumped into the water with bullets whizzing past our ears.
13
at the same rate as something else and because of it
a skill which improves with practice

The risk of cancer increases with the number of cigarettes you smoke.
14
because of a situation that exists
With John away there's more room in the house.
with something doing something
I can't do my homework with all this noise going on.
15
employed by someone
The manager is Stuart Walker, who has been with the company since 1970.
16
used to say who is looking after something
I left your keys with the janitor.
17
used to say who or what someone becomes separated from
Joan doesn't want to part with the money.

a complete break with tradition
18
in the same direction as something
We sailed with the wind.
19
in spite of
With all his faults, I still like him.
20
used to show who or what a strong wish or order concerns
Down with school! Off to bed with you!
21
be with you/me
to understand what someone is telling you or explaining to you
Sorry, I'm not with you - which room do you mean?

So that's how the system works. Are you with me?
22
with it
informal
a) wearing fashionable clothes and knowing about new ideas
ￚsynonym trendy
b) able to understand clearly what is happening around you
I'm sorry, I'm not feeling very with it today.
ￚsee also with-it
23
with that
immediately after doing or saying something
He gave a little wave and with that he was gone.